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Home / IAS Preparation / Challenges Of Good Governance

Barriers to Good Governance – Overview and Detailed Governance Notes for GS-II

Last Updated on Jun 27, 2023
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Good governance is a citizen-centric government that aims to guarantee justice, empowerment, employment, and effective service delivery to society. Our Country cannot deliver complete citizen-centric governance because of several Barriers to Good governance, like lack of awareness, red tape, poor public faith, weak civil society structure, etc. Barriers to good governance hinder the effective implementation of principles and practices of good governance.

The issues related to governance are seen in the news from time to time. Hence, it becomes important to have a complete in-depth understanding of the Barriers to Good Governance. This is an important topic under the Governance section of the General Studies paper-II syllabus. This article on Barriers to Good Governance will help you prepare for the Mains and Interview stage of the UPSC IAS/IPS exam.

This article on the testbook will discuss in a detailed way the Challenges of Good Governance. We will also learn about the Prime Minister’s view on Good Governance, reasons behind the barriers to Good Governance, Red Tapism, Good Governance Day, and More. To learn about more such topics in an interactive manner by Super Mentors and to take your preparation to a more robust level, check out the UPSC CSE Coaching.

Download the PDF on Barriers to Good Governance notes for UPSC Exam here.

Latest News related to Barriers to Good Governance

Prime Minister’s Awards for Excellence in Public Administration –

  • On Civil Services Day on 21st April 2022, Prime Minister Narendra Modi confers PM Awards for Excellence in good governance.
  • There were 16 awards for 5 identified Priority Programmes given for the delivery of services.
  • The Government of India launched these awards in 2006 to acknowledge, recognize and reward the exemplary and innovative work done by District Collectors across the country.
  • These prizes were redesigned in 2021 to encourage constructive competition, innovation, replication, and institutionalization of best practices.

Study in detail about the Major Amendment of the Indian Constitution here!

Good Governance Day

  • Good Governance Day is celebrated every year on 25th December.
  • It is observed to mark the birth anniversary of the former Prime Minister Bharat Ratna Atal Bihari Vajpayee since 2014.
  • On this day, the Central government releases the Good Governance Index to assess the Governance across the States and UTs.
  • The Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG) prepares this index biannually.

Check out the Important notes of Indian polity for UPSC exams.

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Challenges to Good Governance

Some of the primary challenges to good governance in the country are as follows –

Lack of Accountability

  • Accountability refers to the process, quality, or norms that hold decision-makers answerable to those for whom decisions are made.
  • Lack of Accountability is the primary reason behind the poor efficiency of the governance structure.
  • The system cannot hold the Civil Servants accountable for their conduct.
  • The lack of accountability is because the government’s performance evaluation mechanism is not well-structured.
  • Due to the low rate of disciplinary actions against unethical acts of government servants, rare imposition of fines during misconduct, and complex disciplinary procedures. The accountability is poor.
  • As a result of the system’s inaction, employees have adopted an apathetic and careless attitude toward citizens and their problems.

Learn about the Role of Civil services in a democracy for the UPSC Mains.

Low Levels of Awareness of the Rights and Duties of Citizens

  • Citizens of the country need more awareness about their rights. The low level of awareness among the citizens leads to poor reporting related to the work and responsibilities of government servants.
  • Just like rights, Citizens also need more awareness about their duties for the country's good governance. Due to this, citizens sometimes act as a barrier to good governance.
  • Thus, knowledge of rights and observance of duty are the two sides of the same coin.
  • There needs to be more public trust in many governmental policies. Good governance cannot be attained if citizens always doubt the government’s functioning.

Also, learn about the Fundamental Rights and Fundamental Duties.

Weak Civil Society

  • Civil society is composed of groups and organizations that strive for the welfare of citizens. It works outside the ambit of governmental and profit sectors. NGOs, Charitable trusts, Professional associations, etc., are part of civil society.
  • Civil Society works to bridge the gap between the governed people and the government by keeping a check on the practices of the government.
  • The institution of Civil Society needs to be stronger, as it is still a weak institution and a barrier to good governance.
  • The weak civil society in any country widens the gap between citizens and governance.

Ineffective Implementation of Laws and Rules

  • We have a multiplicity of laws at each stage of governance. They are available to protect the rights of citizens and vulnerable sections of society.
  • The poor execution and ineffective implementation of rules and regulations are lessening the trust of individuals in the organs of government.
  • There is a need for effective implementation of laws and rules to improve the trust of citizens in governance.

Red Tapism

  • Red-Tapism is the excessive rules and regulation that is considered redundant. These excessive rules hinder quick actions or timely decision-making.
  • In India, bureaucracy is mandated to follow the rules and procedures important for good governance; however, some century-old laws and procedures need to be revised and more efficient and therefore serve the purpose for which they were created.
  • Sometimes government servants become overly consumed with rules and procedures, and they view these rules as an end in themselves.
  • Due to red-tapism, most of the time, the problems of citizens remain unresolved, which leads to dissatisfaction and a sense of loss of trust in the government’s process.
  • According to the World Bank, the higher the red tape in the country, the higher the corruption speeds up the procedure.

Lack of strong institutions of governance

  • The government requires strong institutions and agencies to deliver good governance in the country for a prosperous society.
  • The institution becomes strong with proper power allocation, independence, and separation of power to minimize red tape.
  • The institutions become weak because of unethical backdoor pressure, illegal activities, misuse of powers, etc.
  • Weak institutions become a challenge to good governance and also weaken democracy.

Read about the Important article of the Indian Constitution.

Corruption and failure to check corruption

  • According to Transparency International, Corruption is defined as the misuse of entrusted power for personal benefit.
  • Corruption erodes the trust of society in the authorities who govern them. It also delays the development process. Hence, leads to economic loss.
  • Some of the reasons behind the corruption in governance include criminalization of politics, administrative loopholes, nexus between politicians and bureaucrats, crony capitalism, monopoly, etc.
  • There should be a strict check on corruption by proper administrative functionaries.

Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI)

  • Transparency International releases the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) annually.
  • It is released to measure the level of corruption in each country’s public sector.
  • Transparency International is an international non-governmental organization.
  • HQ – Berlin, Germany
  • In the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) of 2021, India ranked 85th among 180 countries.
  • Denmark is the least corrupt country in the world.

Recommendations of ARC related to Good Governance

The Administrative Reforms Commission (ARC) made several important recommendations regarding good governance. Here are some key recommendations:

  • Transparency and Accountability: Enhance transparency and accountability in government functioning to promote good governance.
  • Citizen-Centric Services: Ensure citizen-centric services by making government processes more efficient, accessible, and responsive to public needs.
  • E-Governance: Implement e-governance initiatives to leverage technology for efficient service delivery, transparency, and accessibility.
  • Decentralization: Promote decentralization of power and decision-making to empower local governments and increase citizen participation.
  • Strengthening Public Institutions: Strengthen public institutions through reforms in recruitment, training, performance management, and promotion policies.
  • Ethics and Integrity: Foster a culture of ethics and integrity within the public administration, including clear codes of conduct and stringent anti-corruption measures.
  • Reducing Bureaucratic Delays: Streamline administrative processes and reduce bureaucratic delays by simplifying procedures and using technology.
  • Grievance Redressal Mechanisms: Establish robust and accessible grievance redressal mechanisms to address citizen complaints and ensure timely resolution.
  • Capacity Building: Invest in continuous capacity building of public officials to enhance their skills, knowledge, and professionalism.
  • Performance Evaluation: Implement effective performance evaluation systems to assess and reward the performance of public officials based on merit and competence.

Way Forward
  • The government should work on the principle of ‘Antyodaya’ and ‘Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas, and Sabka Vishwas’ for inclusive, accountable, transparent, and sustainable development to deliver good governance.
  • According to the recommendations of the 2nd Administrative Reforms Commission (ARC) committee report(2005), for the citizen-centric administration, there should be mandatory social audits for all programs and a focus on women’s participation in economic programs.
  • The Committee also proposed installing a suggestion box for all government agencies, capacity-building exercises for local governments, and regular impact assessments for all programs.
  • There is an urgent need for innovative solutions, modern technology used to improve governance, and the IT industries should be encouraged to participate.
  • The government should strictly focus on reducing corruption at all levels of governance to ensure better outcomes and build public faith.

UPSC Previous Year Questions(PYQs) related to Governance

Q1 “Need for transparency in public administration” [UPSC Civil Services Essay 1996]

Q2 Though Citizen’s charters have been formulated by many public service delivery organizations; there is no corresponding improvement in the level of citizens’ satisfaction and quality of services being provided. Analyze [UPSC Civil Services Mains 2013]

Q3 “Effectiveness of the government system at various levels and people’s participation in the governance system are interdependent.” Discuss their relationship with each other in the context of India. [UPSC Civil Services Mains 2016]

Q4 In the integrity index of Transparency International, India stands very low. Discuss briefly the legal, political, economic, social, and cultural factors that have caused the decline of public morality in India. [UPSC Civil Services Mains 2016]

Q5 The strength and sustenance of local institutions in India have shifted from their formative phase of ‘Functions, Functionaries and Funds’ to the contemporary stage of ‘Functionality.’ Highlight the critical challenges faced by local institutions in terms of their functionality in recent times. [UPSC Civil Services Mains 2020]

Q6 Can Civil Society and Non-Governmental Organizations present an alternative model of public service delivery to benefit the common citizen? Discuss the challenges of this alternative model. [UPSC Civil Services Mains 2021]

Conclusion

The barriers to good governance are the need for more public trust in many government actions and procedures. If citizens are antagonistic to the government or lack faith in its functioning, good governance will always face challenges.

Also, check out the article on the High Court of India for UPSC preparation!

We hope all your doubts related to the topic of “Barriers to Good Governance” are addressed after going through this article. Testbook provides comprehensive notes for Civil Services Exam and various other competitive examinations. Ace your UPSC preparation with Testbook. Download the Testbook App now!


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Barriers to Good Governance FAQs

Red-Tapism is a large number of rules, regulations, and procedures that are more or less considered redundant in the present context of governance. These rules hinder and prevent quick actions or timely decision-making by government servants.

Good Governance is needed for the welfare of society, trust in the eyes of citizens, and delivering justice to the citizens. Without good governance, there will be instability and chaos in society.

Government is the political system by which a country or community or society is administered and regulated. There are many forms of government such as democracy, monarchy, oligarchy, etc. whereas Governance is the use of power and authority by those who are part of the government to provide goods and services to the people in need. The aim of governance is to fulfill the aspirations and needs of the citizens.

Citizen-Centric Governance is the governance that gives guarantees social justice, empowerment of all sections of society, employment opportunities, and effective service delivery to the society in need.

The Good Governance Day is celebrated every year on 25th December. It is celebrated on the birth anniversary of former PM Atal Bihari Vajpayee.
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