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Home / Physics / Semiconductor Diode

Semiconductor Diode: Learn Semiconductor Diode Under Forward & Reverse Bias

Last Updated on Jan 22, 2025
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Go through this article on Semiconductor Diode and get detailed notes on Semiconductor Diode under Forward and Reverse Bias. A diode is a two-terminal electronic device with a current flow with low resistance in one direction, enabling the current to travel in one direction, while there will be a higher resistance in the other, thus reducing the current flow in that direction.

Consider a p-n junction at both ends of metallic contacts for external voltage application It is a semiconductor diode.

What is a Semiconductor Diode? 

A semiconductor diode is a diode with a p-n intersection. It is a two-terminal device that performs current only in one direction.

Symbolic representation

The symbol shown in the image above is a p-n junction. Here the arrow path shows the current’s permitted direction. Also, it is possible to alter the potential of the equilibrium barrier. This is done through the application of an external voltage across the diode. The diode is either a forward-bias or a reverse-bias diode, depending on how this voltage is applied.

Semiconductor Diode under Forward Bias

 

You can see in the illustration above, an external voltage is distributed across the semiconductor diode where the diode’s p-side is attached to the positive terminal and the n-side is linked to the battery’s negative terminal a diode is forward biased.

Semiconductor Diode under Reverse Bias

 

You can see an additional voltage applied across the diode in the image above. The diode’s n-side is attached to the positive terminal and the p-side is linked to the battery’s negative terminal, a reverse-bias diode.

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Applications
  1. Rectifier diode used for alternating current rectification.
  2. LED is used to produce a spectrum of infrared radiation.
  3. If the voltage is applied in the reverse-biased situation, the variable capacitance diode is used.
  4. Tunnel diode is a specific diode used in the field of negative dynamic resistance.
  5. Zener diode is used in electronic systems to regulate current and voltage.
  6. The photodiode is a light detector, basically a photodetector.
  7. Gunn diode, one of the high-frequency electronics components.
  8. Switching diode, that is used to switch easily i.e. fast switching needs.

So, this is all about the Semiconductor Diode. Get some practice of the same on our free Testbook App. Download Now!

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Semiconductor Diode FAQs

A semiconductor diode is an electronic device that allows current to flow in one direction and blocks it in the other.

A semiconductor diode works by having a region of material with excess electrons (n-type) and a region with a deficit of electrons (p-type) that come together at a junction, creating a barrier that only allows current to flow in one direction.

The forward voltage of a semiconductor diode is the minimum voltage required for the diode to start conducting current in the forward direction.

The reverse breakdown voltage of a semiconductor diode is the maximum voltage that can be applied in the reverse direction before the diode starts conducting current in the reverse direction.

Semiconductor diodes are used in a wide variety of applications such as rectifiers, voltage regulators, signal modulators, and light-emitting diodes (LEDs).
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