Basics of Constitution MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Basics of Constitution - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Policy/Implementation. 

Key Points

• The Secretariat's operation in our country has mostly been guided by two ideas.
• First, the notion of policy separation from implementation—the administration in action—so that the latter can be delegated to a distinct agency with some execution flexibility.
• Second, the viability of the administrative system as a whole requires a transitory cadre of officers selected from States Cadres, operating on a tenure system of staff supervising a permanent staff.
• The policy-making functions are the ones who are most likely to suffer.
• Routine business is always more pressing and necessitates fewer intellectual resources than policymaking.
• Because the human mind prefers the least amount of opposition.
• It is only possible to ensure for careful and successful planning by creating a separate policy department general staff, free of the administration as a whole.
• This system is known as split system.

The correct answer is 3 December, 1971.

Key Points

The Constitution of India gives President extraordinary power to deal with three types of emergency.

Article 352 deals with National Emergency.

• If the President is satisfied that an emergency exists due to the war, external aggression, or armed rebellion then he may declare a National Emergency in a whole country or any part of it.
• The National Emergency was first declared in 1962 during Chinese aggression on the northeast frontier agency, the second time it was declared in 1971 during India and Pakistan war and for the third time it was declared in 1975 due to internal disturbances, so far National Emergency has been declared three times in India.

Article 356 deals with State Emergency.

• It is Imposed when the President is satisfied that the State Government is not functioning properly i.e there is a failure of Constitutional machinery in a State.
• It is also known as President's Rule.
• The State Emergency was first imposed in Punjab in 1951 for the maximum number of days i.e more than three thousand days.
• It was imposed a maximum number of times in Uttar Pradesh i.e 10 times.
• When Congress was in power at the Center State Emergency was implemented 84 times which is more than 73 percent of all times.

Article 360 deals with Financial Emergency.

•  If the President is satisfied with the financial stability and credit of the country or any part of the country is threatened then he may declare Financial Emergency.
• The Financial Emergency must be approved by the Parliament within one month of its proclamation and it will remain until the President revokes it.
• India never faced Financial Emergency to date

The correct answer is 19 (7).

Key Points

Right to Information Act, 2005:

• The right to information is a fundamental right under Article 19 (1) of the Indian Constitution.
• In 1976, in the Raj Narain vs the State of Uttar Pradesh case, the Supreme Court ruled that the Right to information will be treated as a fundamental right under article 19.
• The act is one of the most important acts which empowers ordinary citizens to question the government and its working.
• This has been widely used by citizens and media to uncover corruption, progress in government work, expense-related information, etc.
• All constitutional authorities, agencies, owned and controlled, also those organisations which are substantially financed by the government come under the purview of the act.
• The act also mandates public authorities of union government or state government, to provide timely responses to the citizens’ request for information.

Section 19 (7) of the Act: Appeal

• The decision of the Central Information Commission or State Information Commission, as the case may be, shall be binding. Hence, option 1 is correct.

The correct answer is No age criteria.

Key Points

RTI Act 2005:

• RTI Act is not only to be used by those above 18 years of age. “There is no restriction on the age limit.
• The Act allows a citizen of India to file the application
• The RTI Bill was passed in Parliament and come into force on October 12, 2005.​
• The basic objective of the RTI Act is to empower the citizens, promote transparency and accountability in the working of the Government, contain corruption, and make our democracy work for the people in the real sense.
• Any citizen may request information about the activities of the Public authority i.e. Government authority.  
• The information can be obtained within 30 days from the date of request in normal cases and in the matter of life or liberty of a person, information can be obtained within 48 hours from the time of the request.
• Certain information is prohibited under Section 8.
• An appeal against the decision of the Central Information Commission or State Information Commission can be made to an officer who is senior in rank.
• There is a nominal application that is needed to be paid to get information under the RTI application.
• The nominal fee to get the information is Rs. 10 for every application as per Rule 3 of the RTI Rules, 2005.

The correct answer is Article 21

Key Points

Right to Information Act, 2005:

• Right to Information Act 2005 mandates timely response to citizen requests for government information.
• The RTI Act of 2005 allows citizens for:
  • Inspection of work, documents, and records.
  • Taking notes, extracts, or certified copies of documents or records
  • Taking certified samples of material.
  • Obtaining information in the form of diskettes, floppies, tapes, video cassettes, or in any other electronic mode or through printouts where such information is stored in a computer or in any other device.
  • The basic objective of the Right to Information Act is to empower the citizens, promote transparency and accountability in the working of the Government, contain corruption, and make our democracy work for the people in the real sense.
• According to the Supreme Court verdict since 1975, the Right to Information has been an intrinsic part of fundamental rights guaranteed by the Indian constitution which includes Article 19 and Article 21. Hence option 1 is correct.
• Later in 2005, the Parliament enacted the Right to Information Act which ensured the promotion of transparency and accountability in all public authorities.

Important Points

Article 19:

• Article 19 of the Indian Constitution provides 6 freedoms.
• Following are the six fundamental freedom provided under Article 19 of the Constitution of India are:
  • Freedom of speech and expression.
  • Freedom to assemble peacefully without arms.
  • Freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India
  • Freedom to form associations or cooperative societies.
  • Freedom to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India.
  • Freedom to practice any profession or to carry on any trade, business, or occupation.

Article 21:

• Article 21 is one of the prime Articles comprising Part III of the Constitution of India dealing with fundamental rights.
• Article 21 is the protection of life and personal liberty.
  • No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to the procedure established by law.
  • It guarantees life and personal liberty to all persons irrespective of caste or gender.
  • It guarantees the right of persons to live with human dignity.
  • All the aspects of life go to make a person's life meaningful, complete, and worth living.

The correct answer is Part III.

Key Points

• Article 32 of the Indian Constitution gives the right to individuals to move to the Supreme Court to seek justice.
• Under Article 32, the parliament can also entrust any other court to exercise the power of the Supreme Court, provided that it is within its Jurisdiction.
• Article 32 is for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights.
• The nature of the Writ Jurisdiction provided under this Article is discretionary.

• There are five types of Writs as provided under Article 32 of the Constitution:
  • Habeas Corpus.
  • Quo Warranto.
  • Mandamus.
  • Certiorari.
  • Prohibition.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Nomination of Members to Rajya Sabha.

• The procedure for the nomination of members to the Rajya Sabha is borrowed from Ireland.

Key Points

• Canadian Constitution: 
  • Advisory Jurisdiction of Supreme Court.
  • A federal system with a strong center.
  • Residual powers vest at the center.
  • Appointment of State Governors.

Additional Information

Sources of Indian Constitution

The correct answer is the 86^th amendment.

Key Points

• The 86^th amendment to the Constitution of India in 2002, provided the Right to Education as a Fundamental Right in Part-III of the Constitution.
• The amendment inserted Article 21A which made the Right to Education a fundamental right for children between 6-14 years.
• The 86^th amendment provided for follow-up legislation for Right to Education Bill 2008 and finally Right to Education Act, 2009.

The correct answer is Australia.

Key Points

The following things have been borrowed from the Constitution of Australia:

1. Concurrent List.
2. Freedom of trade.
3. Commerce and intercourse.
4. The joint sitting of the two Houses of Parliament.

Additional Information

• The other borrowed provisions from different countries and details of those are given in below:

The correct answer is Education.

Key Points

• There are six fundamental rights enshrined in Part III (Articles 12 to 35) of the constitution of India.
• Fundamental rights apply universally to all citizens, irrespective of race, birthplace, religion, caste or gender.
• Article 21A of the Constitution of India provides the Right to Education.
• The RTE Act of the Parliament of India was enacted on 4 August 2009 and came into force on 1 April 2010.
• The Constitution (86th Amendment) Act, 2002 inserted Article 21A in the Constitution of India to provide free and compulsory education of all children in the age group of six to fourteen years as a Fundamental Right.

Additional Information

• The Fundamental Rights enshrined in the Constitution are-

The correct answer is 5.

Important Points

The Right to Equality provides:

• For the equal treatment of everyone before the law
• Prevent discrimination on various grounds
• Treats everybody as equals in matters of public employment  
• Abolish untouchability and titles

The article mentioned under the right to equality

The correct answer is option 4 i.e UK.

• In the Indian constitution, the section on Citizenship draws inspiration from the UK.
• The United Kingdom is the common name of The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
• India borrowed many features from different countries while preparing the country's constitution.
  • The constitution of India was adopted by the constituent assembly on 26^th November 1949.
  • The constitution of India came into force on 26^th January 1950.
  • The constituent assembly took 2 years 11 months and 18 days to frame the constitution of India.
• Major features borrowed from the UK are:
  1. Writs.
  2. Single Citizenship.
  3. Office of Comptroller and Auditor General.
  4. Rule of Law.
  5. Parliamentary form of Government.
• Major features borrowed from the USA are:
  1. Preamble.
  2. Judicial Review.
  3. Fundamental Rights.
  4. Impeachment.
  5. Functions of Vice President.
• Major features borrowed from Australia are:
  1. Joint sitting.
  2. Trade and Commerce.
  3. Concurrent list.
• Major features borrowed from France are.
  1. Republic.
  2. Ideals of Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity.

The correct answer is Kanhaiyalal Maniklal Munshi.

• Kanhaiyalal Maniklal Munshi described the preamble of the Indian Constitution as the 'Political horoscope of the Indian Constitution'.

Additional Information

• The Preamble of the Indian constitution is based on "Objectives Resolution".
• It was drafted and moved by Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru and adopted by the constituent assembly.
• In the historic case of Kesavananda Bharati (1973), Supreme Court held that Preamble is a part of the constitution and can be amended under article 368, subject to the condition that no amendment is done to the "Basic structure".
• The Preamble has been amended only once so far, in 1976 by the 42nd Constitutional amendment Act.
• The term ‘Socialist’, ‘Secular’, and ‘Integrity’ were added to the preamble through 42nd Amendment Act, 1976. 
• ‘Socialist’ and ‘Secular’ were added between ‘Sovereign’ and ‘Democratic’.
• ‘Unity of the Nation’ was changed to ‘Unity and Integrity of the Nation’.
• By the 42nd Constitutional amendment act 1976, three new words - Socialist, Secular and Integrity are added to the preamble.

The correct answer is 22.

Important Points

• The eighth schedule of the Indian constitution deals with official languages recognized by the Indian Constitution.
• Currently, 22 languages have been recognized by the Indian constitution.
• They are:

Key Points

How to remember all the schedules: Code for 12 schedules is - TEARS OF OLD PM

1st Schedule: T- Territory,

2nd Schedule: E- Emoluments/salary,

3rd Schedule: A- Affirmation/Oath,

4th Schedule: R- Rajya Sabha,

5th Schedule: S- Scheduled Tribes,

6th Schedule: O- Other Tribes,

7th Schedule: F- Federal (Division Of Powers),

8th Schedule: O- Official Regional Languages,

9th Schedule: L- Land Reform,

10th Schedule: D- Defection (Anti-Defection Law),

11th Schedule: P- Panchayati Raj,

12th Schedule: M- Municipal Corporation

The correct answer is option 3, i.e Directive Principle of State Policy.

Key Points

• Directive Principle of State Policy (DPSP):
  • The DPSP is taken from the Irish Constitution.
  • The DPSP is very essential for the social, economical and political development of the country.
  • There are 16 DPSP in our constitution, i.e from articles 36 to 51.
  • The DPSP are non-justiciable in nature.
  • The Directive principle of state policy under article 40, gives details about the formation of Village Panchayat as a unit of self-government.
• Fundamental Rights:
  • The concept of a fundamental right is taken from the American constitution.
  • There are 6 fundamental rights in our constitution.
  • These are justiciable in nature, so one can approach the supreme court in case of violation of their fundamental rights directly.
• Fundamental Duties:
  • The fundamental duties are taken from the USSR constitution.
  • These are recommended after the Sardar Swaran Singh Committee.
  • There are 11 duties provided in the constitution, which citizens must follow as being responsible for the country.