ICT MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for ICT - Download Free PDF

​A computer network is a collection of two or more networked computers. 

Key Points

• A computer network connection can be created using either cable or wireless media used for sharing files and resources. 
• There are various types of networks: Personal Area Network (PAN), Local Area Network (LAN), Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), and Wide Area Network (WAN). 
• A Personal Area Network is built around one individual.
• It includes a computer, a phone, or a personal digital assistant.
• PAN can be used to connect these personal gadgets to a digital network and the internet by establishing communication between them.

Thus, PAN types of networks she is using for taking backups.Additional Information

•  WAN is a computer network that is spread over a big geographic area. 
• MAN is a computer network spanning an entire city, a college campus, or a small area. 
• LAN is a group of computers and related peripherals that are interconnected in a constrained space. 

The correct answer is Neural Networks.

Key Points

• A 2024 study has shown that Neural Networks have the highest accuracy in detecting fake news.
• Neural Networks are known for their ability to handle large datasets and complex patterns, making them effective in distinguishing between real and fake news.
• Advanced Neural Networks, such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), enhance text analysis and classification tasks.
• These models can learn intricate features and representations from the data, providing superior performance compared to traditional models.

Additional Information

• Random Forest:
  • A machine learning algorithm that operates by constructing multiple decision trees during training and outputs the mode of the classes for classification.
  • It is known for its robustness and ability to handle large datasets with high dimensionality.
• Support Vector Machine (SVM):
  • A supervised learning model used for classification and regression analysis.
  • SVM works by finding the hyperplane that best separates the classes in the feature space.
• Logistic Regression:
  • A statistical model that uses a logistic function to model a binary dependent variable.
  • It is commonly used for binary classification problems and is easy to implement and interpret.
• Accuracy in Machine Learning:
  • Accuracy is a metric used to evaluate the performance of a classification model.
  • It is defined as the ratio of the number of correct predictions to the total number of predictions made.

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Nowadays financial transactions are carried out on computers or mobile phones. Information and communication technology (ICT) has entered and made huge progress in the banks wherein now the banks have started to conduct bank transactions electronically known as E-Banking.

Various Digital Initiatives:

Hence, UMANG offers a single point of access to all government services, BHIM provides a Unified payment interface, eBiz relates to G2B Services and SWAYAM is a learning platform.

The correct answer is Infosys.

Key Points

• Infosys, a global leader in consulting, technology, and next-generation services, announced the launch of Skava Commerce, a modern, mobile-first, and modular e-commerce platform that delivers engaging omnichannel experiences.
• Skava, is a Silicon Valley-based e-commerce startup that was acquired by Infosys.
• The platform could help brick-and-mortar retailers to quickly launch new offerings, improve conversion rates of traffic coming from digital channels, amongst other things, without making large investments.
• Skava Commerce, uses microservices-based technology to help retailers and enterprise-sized companies quickly create personalized omnichannel experiences.

the correct answer is ​GigaHertz.

Key Points

• Clock speed:
  • Clock speed is the significant way to measure the performance of Processor.
  • ​CPU processes many instructions (low-level calculations like arithmetic) from different programs every second. The clock speed measures the number of cycles your CPU executes per second, measured in GHz (gigahertz).
  • A “cycle” is technically a pulse synchronized by an internal oscillator, but for our purposes, they’re a basic unit that helps understand a CPU’s speed.
  • During each cycle, billions of transistors within the processor open and close.
  • A CPU with a clock speed of 3.2 GHz executes 3.2 billion cycles per second.

The correct answer is Control Unit and ALU.

• Computers have become pervasive in every walk of life.
• It has changed the way we work, play, communicate and learn.
• A computer essentially comprises of a set of hardware and software.

Key Points

The Central Processing Unit (CPU):

• The CPU is the brain of the computer.
• Sometimes referred to simply as the processor or central processor, the CPU is where most calculations take place.
• The CPU executes the programs and controls the operation of all the hardware.
• The three main components of the CPU are:

The Control Unit (CU):

• It is one of the most important parts of the microprocessor as it is in charge of the entire process.
• The control unit extracts instructions from memory and decodes them.
• Based on these instructions, it creates control signals that tell the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) and the Registers how to operate, what to operate on and what to do with the result.
• The role of the control unit in the CPU is that of a “manager”.
• In other words, it controls and coordinates all hardware operations.

The Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU):

• It is the section where the actual data processing takes place.
• All calculations and comparisons take place in this section.
• In addition to arithmetic functions, the ALU also handles logic operations.
• All mathematical operations are performed in binary numbers and all logic operations are performed using binary operations.

The Primary Memory (Main memory):

• This unit stores programs during their execution, stores data that are being used by the current program and stores the operating system which controls the operation of the computer system.
• It consists of Random Access Memory (RAM) where the user's programs and data must be stored in order to be run and Read-Only Memory (ROM) where permanent programs and data are built-in by the manufacturer.

Hence, it is clear that the Control Unit and ALU are the two main components of the CPU.

• BUS: It is a Data Communication System in a computer network. The ALU and CU that are linked internally and externally by busses which carry binary signals between.

• Register: They can be thought of as the CPU’s tiny scratchpad, temporarily storing instructions or data.

The correct answer is The Information Technology act, 2000.

• The Information Technology act 2000 is the first cyber law in India.
  • It was the first cyber law that provides the legal infrastructure for e-commerce in India.
  • The Information Technology act 2000 was enacted on 9<sup>th</sup> June 2000.
  • The Information Technology act 2000 came into effect on 17<sup>th</sup> October 2000.
  • The Information Technology act 2000  has 94 sections divided into 13 chapters and 4 schedules.

Additional Information

• The act mainly focuses on the following issues:
  • Offences and contraventions.
  • Legal recognition of digital signatures.
  • Legal recognition of electronic documents.

The correct answer is Random Access.

Key Points

• Random Access:
  • ​In computer science, random access is the capability to have access to any item from a given population of elements at random.
  • Random access is the opposite of sequential access, as sequential access locates elements by beginning at a particular predefined location and then traversing through all of the information in order to find the given item.
  • Random access has gained interest due to the fact that one can retrieve a record irrespective of the position in which it is located.
  • Random access is also known as direct access.

Compilers:

• A compiler is a program that translates a source program written in some high-level programming language into machine code for some computer architecture.
• The generated machine code can be later executed many times against different data each time.
• It writes the text into a format that the CPU can understand
• This is a kind of system software

Touch screen monitors:

• This is a device that helps the user to interact with the computer using their finger
• It is an alternative to mouse and keyboard for navigating a Graphical User Interface (GUI)
• It allows tough sensitive inputs as well as outputs.

Therefore it is clear that Compilers are software and Touch screen monitors are input/output devices. So both the statements are true.

An operating system is a software program that manages and operates computing devices.

Key Points

•  Mac OS is a powerful operating system that offers similar features and services to Windows and Linux. 
• The Macintosh Operating System (Mac OS) is an operating system developed by Apple Inc.
• It is a graphical user interface-based operating system that was first published in 1984.
• Apple is an American-based company located in California. 
• Mac OS is meant to run on Apple computers and does not support the x86 architecture by default.
• Mac OS has multiple versions available such as Macintosh 128k, Mac OS 7, Mac OS X, and Mac Mountain Lion.

​Therefore, Mac is used by the Apple computer systems (an American technology company).

Additional Information

• Microsoft Windows, usually known as Windows or Windows OS, is a personal computer operating system developed by Microsoft Corporation.
• Linux is a collection of open-source Unix-like operating systems based on Linus Torvalds' Linux kernel which was launched on September 17, 1991.
• Oracle Solaris is also an operating system. 

Hence,  the incorrect pair is .ttf - word text file.

A number system includes the number of independent digits used in the number system (the base), the place values of the different digits constituting the number, and the maximum numbers that can be written with the given number of digits.

The Binary Number System: 

• The binary number system with only two independent digits, 0 and 1, is a base-2 number system.
• All larger binary numbers are represented in terms of ‘0’ and ‘1’.

Decimal to Binary Conversion:

Step 1: Divide 22 by 2 to get the Quotient. Keep the Whole part for the next step and set the Remainder aside.

25 / 2 = 12 with 1 remainder

Step 2: Divide the Whole part of the Quotient from Step 1 by 2. Again, keep the Whole part and set the Remainder aside.

12 / 2 = 6 with 0 remainder

Step 3: Repeat Step 2 above until the Whole part is 0.

6 / 2 = 3 with 0 remainder

3 / 2 = 1 with 1 remainder

1 / 2 = 0 with 1 remainder

Step 4: Write down the Remainders in reverse order to get the answer to 25 as a binary.

When we put the remainder together in reverse order, we get the answer 11001

Hence, the binary equivalent of decimal number 25 is 11001

The vacuum tube is the key technology for making first-generation computers.

Key PointsVaccumTube:

• The first generation computers used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory, and were often enormous, taking up entire rooms.
• Lee De Forest developed the vacuum tube.
• A vacuum tube is a device generally used to amplify a signal by controlling the movement of electrons in an evacuated space.​

Additional InformationTransistor-  It is an electronic component that can be used as an amplifier or as a switch. It is used to control the flow of electricity in radios, televisions, computers, and others.

Integrated Circuit- A small electronic circuit printed on a chip (usually made of silicon) contains many of its own circuits element.

Dual-Core CPU- Dual-core is a CPU that has two distinct processors that work simultaneously in the same integrated circuit. This type of processor can function as efficiently as a single processor but can perform operations up to twice as quickly. Because each core has its own cache, the operating system is able to handle most tasks in parallel.

Hence, the Vacuum Tube is the key technology for making first-generation computers.