A device which is used to reduce the cyclic fluctuations of the speed of an engine is known as:

Explanation:

Flywheel:

• A flywheel is a mechanical device specifically designed to store rotational energy and regulate the cyclic fluctuations in the speed of an engine. It is typically a heavy wheel that is mounted on the crankshaft of an engine and rotates along with it. The flywheel smoothens the variations in the speed of the crankshaft caused by the intermittent power pulses of the engine by acting as an energy reservoir.
• The flywheel operates by absorbing energy during the power strokes of the engine and releasing it during the non-power strokes. When the engine generates excess energy during the power stroke, the flywheel stores it as rotational kinetic energy. During the other strokes, such as the exhaust, intake, and compression strokes, the flywheel releases the stored energy to maintain a consistent speed. This ensures a smooth operation of the engine and reduces vibrations.

Functions of a Flywheel:

• Regulating Speed Fluctuations: The flywheel minimizes cyclic speed variations by smoothing out the energy fluctuations during different strokes of the engine.
• Energy Storage: It stores kinetic energy during the power stroke and releases it during the other strokes, maintaining a consistent engine speed.
• Starting the Engine: In some cases, the flywheel aids in starting the engine by providing the initial rotational inertia required.
• Balancing: The flywheel helps in balancing the engine and reducing vibrations, contributing to smoother operation.

Advantages:

• Improves the smoothness of engine operation by regulating speed fluctuations.
• Reduces vibrations and noise in the engine.
• Enhances the efficiency and reliability of the engine.

Applications: Flywheels are widely used in various applications, including:

• Internal combustion engines in automobiles.
• Industrial machinery and equipment.
• Energy storage systems.
• Power plants and turbines.