Fundamental Duties (under Article 51A) were added to the Constitution by the ______ Amendment of the Constitution. 

The correct answer is 42nd Amendment.

Key Points

• The 42nd Amendment Act of 1976 added the Fundamental Duties to the Indian Constitution under Article 51A.
• This amendment was enacted during the tenure of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.
• The Fundamental Duties were inspired by the Constitution of the Soviet Union and were introduced based on recommendations from the Swaran Singh Committee.
• Initially, there were 10 Fundamental Duties; later, the 86th Amendment in 2002 added the 11th duty related to education.
• Fundamental Duties are non-justiciable, meaning they cannot be enforced by law, but they serve as moral obligations for citizens.

Additional Information

• Article 51A: It lists the Fundamental Duties of Indian citizens and emphasizes their role in promoting harmony, protecting heritage, and contributing to national development.
• Swaran Singh Committee: Established in 1976, it recommended the inclusion of Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution to instill civic responsibility among citizens.
• 42nd Amendment (1976): Known as the "Mini-Constitution," this amendment brought significant changes, including the addition of Fundamental Duties, and expanded the scope of Directive Principles of State Policy.
• Non-Justiciability: Fundamental Duties are non-enforceable by courts but act as ethical guidelines for citizens to uphold the spirit of the Constitution.
• The 11th Fundamental Duty, added by the 86th Amendment in 2002, obligates parents/guardians to provide opportunities for education to their children aged 6 to 14 years.