Hard foundations are generally available in ________

Concept:

Alluvial Soil:

• The soil which is formed by the transportation and deposition of silt through the agency of water, over a course of time, is called alluvial soil.
• The canals when excavated through such soils are called alluvial canals. Canal irrigation is generally preferred in such areas, as compared to storage irrigation.

Non-Alluvial Soil:

• The disintegration of mountainous rocks over a period of time results in the formation of a rocky plain area called non-alluvial soil.
• Due to its uneven topography and rocky mass formed after disintegration, hard foundations are generally available.
• The river, passing through such areas, have no tendency to shift their courses, and they do not pose many problems for designing irrigation structures on them. Canals, passing through such areas are called non-alluvial Canals.

​Black Soil:

• Black soils are mineral soils that have a black surface horizon, enriched with organic carbon that is at least 25 cm deep.