Question
Download Solution PDFIdentify the correct orders against the property mentioned
A. H₂O > NH₃ > CHCl₃ – dipole moment
B. XeF₄ > XeO₃ > XeF₂ – number of lone pairs on central atom
C. O–H > C–H > N–O – bond length
D. N₂ > O₂ > H₂ – bond enthalpy
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Detailed Solution
Download Solution PDFCONCEPT:
Dipole Moment, Lone Pairs, Bond Length, and Bond Enthalpy
- Dipole Moment: The dipole moment depends on the electronegativity difference between bonded atoms and the molecular geometry.
- Lone Pairs on the Central Atom: The number of lone pairs can be determined using the molecular structure and valence electrons of the central atom.
- Bond Length: Bond length is inversely proportional to bond strength and directly related to the size of the atoms involved in the bond.
- Bond Enthalpy: Bond enthalpy is the energy required to break a bond. Triple bonds are stronger than double bonds, which are stronger than single bonds.
EXPLANATION:
- H₂O > NH₃ > CHCl₃ – Dipole Moment
- H₂O has the highest dipole moment due to its bent shape and high electronegativity difference.
- NH₃ has a lower dipole moment than H₂O, as it is pyramidal and less polar.
- CHCl₃ has the lowest dipole moment because its geometry partially cancels out dipoles.
- This order is correct.
- XeF₄ > XeO₃ > XeF₂ – Number of Lone Pairs on Central Atom
- XeF₄: Xenon has 4 bonds and 2 lone pairs.
- XeO₃: Xenon has 3 bonds and 1 lone pair.
- XeF₂: Xenon has 2 bonds and 3 lone pairs.
- The correct order of lone pairs is XeF₂ > XeF₄ > XeO₃, so this option is incorrect.
- O–H > C–H > N–O – Bond Length
- O–H has the shortest bond length due to high bond strength and small atomic size.
- C–H is longer than O–H but shorter than N–O.
- N–O has the longest bond length due to weaker bond strength and larger atomic size.
- This order is correct.
- N₂ > O₂ > H₂ – Bond Enthalpy
- N₂ has the highest bond enthalpy due to the strong triple bond.
- O₂ has a lower bond enthalpy than N₂ due to its double bond.
- H₂ has the lowest bond enthalpy due to its single bond.
- This order is correct.
Therefore, the correct answer is A, D only.
Last updated on Jun 16, 2025
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