In the catalytic cycle of Cytochrome P450, the generation of [(porphyrin)+•FeIV(O)] from [(porphyrin)FeIII(OOH)] involves

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CSIR-UGC (NET) Chemical Science: Held on (26 Nov 2020)
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  1. One electron oxidation of [(porphyrin)FeIII(OOH)]
  2. Formation of the intermediate [(porphyrin)FeIV(OH)]
  3. Homolytic O-O cleavage of [(porphyrin)FeIV(OOH)]
  4. Heterolytic O-O cleavage of [(porphyrin)FeIII(OOH)]

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Heterolytic O-O cleavage of [(porphyrin)FeIII(OOH)]
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Concept:

  • The cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are thiolate heme proteins that can, often under physiological conditions, catalyze many oxidative transformations of a wide variety of molecules. This heme protein is known as the porphyrin ring.  
  • Most CYPs require a protein partner to deliver one or more electrons to reduce the iron (and eventually molecular oxygen).

Explanation:

  • The catalytic cycle cytochrome of P450-reductase (CPR) and cytochrome b5 is as follows:

 

  • The binding of substrate R-H with Cytochrome P450 (CYPs) (1) causes a decrease in the redox potential, which allows the first electron transfer from cytochrome P450-reductase (CPR) (2).
  • The reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+ makes suitable O2 binding (3), which now can accept a second electron from either CPR or cytochrome b5 (cyt b5) (4), to form a hydroperoxyl intermediate:

  • The O2−2 complex reacts with surrounding protons to form the highly reactive oxyferryl intermediate(5) involves the heterolytic O-O cleavage of hydroperoxyl intermediate. The Fe-ligated O atom (6) is transferred to the substrate forming a hydroxylated form of the substrate (7).

Conclusion:

Hence, in the catalytic cycle of Cytochrome P450, the generation of [(porphyrin)+•FeIV(O)] from [(porphyrin)FeIII(OOH)] involves Heterolytic O-O cleavage of [(porphyrin)FeIII(OOH)]. 

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