Match List-I with List-II :

List-I		List-II
(a)	The most commonly used method of computing correlation between two variables	(i)	Intra-class correlation
(b)	An ANOVA technique used for estimating reliability of a measure	(ii)	Inter-class correlation
(c)	A technique used for estimating reliability of multiple-trials tests	(iii)	Inter-tester reliability
(d)	A form of reliability that pertains to the testers	(iv)	Coefficient alpha

Select the correct option :

The correct answer is - (a)-(ii); (b)-(i); (c)-(iv); (d)-(iii)

Key Points

• The most commonly used method of computing correlation between two variables — Inter-class correlation
  • Inter-class correlation measures the degree of relationship between two different classes or groups.
  • It is often applied in studies comparing two separate variables.
• ANOVA technique for estimating reliability of a measure — Intra-class correlation
  • Intra-class correlation (ICC) is used to assess the reliability or consistency of measurements made by different observers measuring the same quantity.
  • It uses variance components from ANOVA for calculation.
• Technique for estimating reliability of multiple-trials tests — Coefficient alpha
  • Coefficient alpha (Cronbach's alpha) measures internal consistency, i.e., how closely related a set of items are as a group.
  • Used when tests have multiple trials or parts measuring the same concept.
• Form of reliability pertaining to testers — Inter-tester reliability
  • Inter-tester reliability checks consistency between different testers administering the same test.
  • High inter-tester reliability indicates minimal bias due to the tester.

Additional Information

• Intra-class correlation
  • Useful for studies involving ratings given by multiple judges or repeated measurements by the same rater.
  • Commonly used in reliability studies involving medical, psychological, and educational assessments.
• Inter-class correlation
  • Applies when comparing two different sets of measurements or classes.
  • Less commonly used in reliability studies compared to intra-class correlation.
• Coefficient alpha (Cronbach’s alpha)
  • A value above 0.7 is generally considered acceptable for internal consistency.
  • Widely used in psychometric tests and questionnaires.
• Inter-tester reliability
  • Important when tests are administered by different individuals in clinical, sports, and educational fields.
  • Minimizes variability in test results due to differences in administration style or interpretation.