The structure of society underwent many changes in the 18th century which had a bearing both on the functioning of the states and the growth of the economy-

A. There was consolidation and expansion of the holders of superior rights in land.

B. There was consolidation and expansion of the trading -cum banking community.

C. The giving of ijaras to zamindars and taluqdars led to strengthening of centralization of the state.

D. There was the rise of a class if petty gentry-cum-rich peasants in the countryside.

E. Mahajan-cum-sahukars obtained ijara in their own names.

Question

Question

This question was previously asked in

UGC NET Paper 2: History 16th June 2023 Shift 2

Answer 1

The correct code is A, B, D, and E only. Key Points

There was consolidation and expansion of the holders of superior rights in land. This statement is correct.
- This led to the growth of a class of powerful landlords, who controlled vast tracts of land and had a significant influence over the economy and society.
There was consolidation and expansion of the trading -cum banking community. This statement is correct.
- This led to the growth of a wealthy merchant class, who played an important role in the financing of trade and industry.
There was the rise of a class if petty gentry-cum-rich peasants in the countryside. This statement is correct.
- This class of landowners benefited from the growth of agriculture and the increasing demand for food.
Mahajan-cum-sahukars obtained ijara in their own names. This statement is correct.
- These were wealthy merchants who lent money to the government and zamindars, and often acquired land in return for their loans.
The giving of ijaras to zamindars and taluqdars led to strengthening of centralization of the state.This statement is incorrect.
- The giving of ijaras to zamindars and taluqdars did not lead to the strengthening of the centralization of the state.
In fact, it had the opposite effect, as it gave these powerful landlords more autonomy and control over their territories.