When was the Environment Protection Act passed?

The correct answer is 1986.

Key Points

• The Environment Protection Act was passed in 1986 under the Government of India.
• It was enacted in response to the Bhopal Gas Tragedy of 1984, which highlighted the need for comprehensive environmental legislation.
• The Act provides a framework for the protection and improvement of the environment across India.
• Under Section 3, the Central Government has the power to take measures to protect and improve the environment and prevent pollution.
• The Act also empowers the government to set standards for emissions and discharges of pollutants into the environment.

Additional Information

• Bhopal Gas Tragedy: Occurred in December 1984 when methyl isocyanate gas leaked from the Union Carbide India Limited pesticide plant, causing one of the world's worst industrial disasters.
• Environmental Pollutants: Defined under the Act as any solid, liquid, or gaseous substance present in such concentration that may be injurious to the environment.
• Penalties: The Environment Protection Act prescribes penalties for non-compliance, including imprisonment up to five years or fines up to ₹1 lakh, or both.
• Environmental Standards: The Act provides the authority to set standards for air, water, and soil quality to ensure environmental safety.
• Significance: The Act is a cornerstone of environmental protection in India and serves as a legal basis for several rules, including hazardous waste management and pollution control measures.