Which Mughal Emperor is called 'Zinda Peer'?

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HP TGT (Arts) TET 2016 Official Paper
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  1. Humayun
  2. Jahangir
  3. Akbar
  4. Aurangzeb

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Aurangzeb
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Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Aurangzeb.

Key PointsAurangzeb:

  • He crowned himself with the title of "Alamgir".
  • He was called Zinda peer.
  • The Mughal area was the largest during the time of Aurangzeb.
  • He forbade:
    • Singing and dancing in his court
    • Sati system and Jharokha darshan.
    • Kalma written coin.
    • Astrology and Palm reading.
    • Tuladan practice.
  • Selling and drinking Alcohol and Bhang were prohibited in a public place during his time.
  • Aurangzeb used to play "Veena".
  • He started the Jaziya tax in 1679.
  • He gave permission to the French for setting up a factory at Surat in 1667.
  • Monuments:
    • Bibi ka Makabara: Aurangabad, Maharastra.
    • Moti Masjid: Delhi
    • Badshahi Masjid: Lahore.

Additional InformationHumayun: 

  • He was defeated by Sher Shah Suri in the battle of Chausa in 1539.
  • He was again defeated by Sher Shah Suri in the battle of Kannauj in 1540. 
  • Humayunama was written by his half sister "Gulbadan Begum".
  • Humayun's tomb was built by his widow Haji Begum (Bega Begum) in Delhi. 
  • He died in 1556 due to falling from his Library stairs in Purana Quila, Delhi.

Akbar:

  • He was born in 1542 at Amrakot, Sindh.
  • He was son of Humayun and Hameeda Bano Begum.
  • He was crowned by Bairam Khan at  Kalanaur, Punjab.
  • He established Matrimonial Alliance between Mughal and Rajputs.
  • He introduced the Mansabdari system in 1574.
  • Monuments:
    • Ibadat Khana: Fatehpur Sikri, Agra.
    • Buland darwaza: Fatehpur Sikri, Agra.

Jahangir:

  • In 1605, Prince Salim succeeded with the title Jahangir (Conqueror of World) when he assumed the throne after the death of Akbar.
  • He established Zanjir-i-Adil (chain of justice) at Agra for the seekers of royal justice.
  • He is the eldest son of Akbar was born at Fatehpur Sikri near Agra in 1569.
  • In 1611, he married Mehr-un-Nisa whom he gave the title of Nur Jahan (light of the world).
  • Nurjahan exercised tremendous influence over state affairs. She was made the official Badshah Begum. 
  • Jahangir issued coins jointly in Nurjahan's name and his own.
  • Jahangir also married Manbai in 1585 AD and Jodhbai (Jagat Gosain, daughter of Mota Raja Udai Singh) in 1587 AD.
  • He defeated and imprisoned his son, Khusrau Mirza.
  •  He also beheaded Guru Arjun, the 5th Sikh Guru and one of the supporters of Khusrau Mirza.
  • Captain Hawkins (1608-1611) and Sir Thomas Roe (1615-1616) visited Jahangir's court.
  • Production of Tobacco started in his reign.
  • He wrote his autobiography Tuzuk-i-Jahangir.
  • He was buried in Lahore in 1627.
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