Which Mughal Emperor was associated with Thomas Roe with the issue of an 'Imperial Farman'? 

The correct answer is Jahangir.

Key Points

• Thomas Roe was an English diplomat sent by King James I of England to the court of Mughal Emperor Jahangir in 1615.
• Roe's mission was to secure commercial privileges for the East India Company through an "Imperial Farman" (royal decree).
• Jahangir granted the East India Company rights to establish factories in Surat and other places, strengthening their foothold in India.
• The interaction between Roe and Jahangir marked the beginning of formal diplomatic relations between England and the Mughal Empire.
• Roe documented his experiences in his journal, providing valuable insights into the Mughal court and its administration.

Additional Information

• Imperial Farman: A royal decree or order issued by Mughal emperors, often granting specific privileges or rights.
• East India Company: A British trading company established in 1600, which later played a significant role in colonizing India.
• Jahangir’s Reign: Jahangir ruled from 1605 to 1627 and was known for his administrative capabilities, patronage of art, and diplomacy.
• Surat Factory: The factory established by the East India Company in Surat became a significant trade center for exports and imports during the Mughal era.
• Thomas Roe's Journal: Roe’s detailed journal serves as a primary historical source about the Mughal court, its culture, and its interactions with foreign diplomats.