Which of the following is the correct sequence of phases of Biotic succession?

The correct answer is option 4.

Key Points

Biotic succession occurs in a sequential manner, leading to the establishment of a stable community. The correct sequence of phases is:

• Migration – Dispersal of seeds, spores, or organisms into a new area.
• Ecesis – Germination, establishment, and growth of pioneer species in the new habitat.
• Reaction – Modification of the environment by organisms, leading to competition and changes in soil, moisture, and nutrients.
• Stabilisation (Climax stage) – Formation of a stable and self-sustaining community.
• Thus, the correct sequence is: Migration → Ecesis → Reaction → Stabilisation.