With reference to ancient India, consider the following statements :

1. The concept of Stupa is Buddhist in origin.

2. Stupa was generally a repository of relics.

3. Stupa was a votive and commemorative structure in the Buddhist tradition.

How many of the statements given above are correct? 

The correct answer is Option 2.

Key PointsStupa:

• Origin of Stupas
  • The concept of Stupas is not exclusively Buddhist in origin. Stupas existed as pre-Buddhist burial mounds or tumuli, where śramaṇas (ascetics) were buried in a seated position.
  • The term "Stupa" comes from the Sanskrit word meaning "heap" or "pile."
  • In the Buddhist tradition, this concept was later adopted and evolved into a more formal structure.
  • Hence, Statement 1 is incorrect.
• Repository of Relics
  • One of the primary purposes of a Stupa in Buddhism was to serve as a repository for relics (sarira) associated with the Buddha or other significant Buddhist figures.
  • These relics were often placed in a central chamber within the Stupa to honor and preserve the memory of the Buddha.
  • Hence, Statement 2 is correct.
• Votive and Commemorative Structure
  • Stupas also functioned as votive and commemorative structures in the Buddhist tradition.
  • They were erected to mark significant events in the life of the Buddha, such as his birth, enlightenment, first sermon, and death, and served as focal points for devotional practices.
  • Hence, Statement 3 is correct.
• Statements 2 and 3 are correct, while Statement 1 is incorrect.