Components of Blood MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Components of Blood - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Serum

Explanation:

• The blood coagulation process, also known as blood clotting, is a complex mechanism that involves various components of the blood. This process is essential for preventing excessive bleeding when blood vessels are injured.
• Key components involved in blood coagulation include plasma, fibrinogen, and thrombin. These elements work together to form a clot and stop bleeding.
  • Plasma: Plasma is the liquid portion of blood that carries cells and proteins throughout the body. It contains clotting factors that are crucial for the blood coagulation process. When blood clotting is initiated, these factors are activated to form a clot.
  • Fibrinogen: Fibrinogen is a plasma protein that plays a critical role in blood clotting. It is converted into fibrin by the action of thrombin, forming a mesh that helps to stabilize the blood clot.
  • Thrombin: Thrombin is an enzyme that is essential in the coagulation process. It converts fibrinogen into fibrin, which then forms a stable clot to prevent bleeding.

Serum: Serum is the liquid part of blood that remains after blood has clotted. It does not contain clotting factors because they are consumed in the clotting process. Therefore, serum is not involved in blood coagulation.

The correct answer is (a) – iii, (b) – v, (c) – ii, (d) – i, (e) – iv

Explanation:

• Eosinophils: Eosinophils play a crucial role in combatting parasitic infections, particularly those caused by helminths (worms). They release toxic granules and reactive oxygen species that can destroy the parasites.
• RBC: Red blood cells (RBCs), also known as erythrocytes, play a crucial role in the transport of gases, specifically oxygen (O₂) and carbon dioxide (CO₂). Oxygen is primarily transported in the blood by binding to hemoglobin in the RBCs. Each heme group can reversibly bind one molecule of O₂, allowing each hemoglobin molecule to carry up to four O₂ molecules.
• AB Blood group: Individuals with AB blood type do not produce anti-A or anti-B antibodies. This means they can receive red blood cells from any ABO blood type (A, B, AB, or O) without the risk of these antibodies attacking the transfused red blood cells.
• Platelets: Platelets, also known as thrombocytes, play a crucial role in hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding at the site of an injury. They are essential in the coagulation process and contribute to the formation of a stable blood clot. 
• Systole: Systole is a phase in the cardiac cycle during which the heart muscles contract, leading to the ejection of blood from the heart chambers into the arteries. It can be broadly divided into two phases: atrial systole and ventricular systole.​     

Hence, the correct answer is  (a) – iii, (b) – v, (c) – ii, (d) – i, (e) – iv                                                                                                                                                                    

The correct answer is Lymphocytes.

Key Points

• Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell that play a crucial role in the immune system.
• There are two main types of lymphocytes: B cells and T cells.
• B cells are responsible for producing antibodies against foreign antigens.
• Antibodies are proteins that specifically recognize and bind to antigens, neutralizing them or marking them for destruction by other immune cells.
• T cells assist in the immune response by attacking infected cells and supporting B cells.
• Lymphocytes are primarily found in the blood, lymph nodes, and other lymphatic tissues.

 Additional Information

• Erythrocytes
  • Erythrocytes, or red blood cells, are primarily responsible for transporting oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and returning carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs.
  • They contain the protein hemoglobin, which binds to oxygen and gives red blood cells their color.
• Eosinophils
  • Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell involved in the body's response to allergic reactions and parasitic infections.
  • They release enzymes and toxic proteins that help combat parasites and modulate allergic inflammatory responses.
• Platelets
  • Platelets, also known as thrombocytes, are cell fragments that play a key role in blood clotting and wound healing.
  • They gather at the site of a blood vessel injury, adhere to the vessel's wall, and form a platform for blood coagulation.

The correct answer is Iron.Key Points

• If iron levels are low haemoglobin is not synthesized in sufficient amounts and the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells is reduced, resulting in anaemia.
• Iron is a trace mineral that we need in small quantities every day. 
• It is slightly water soluble and is a cation that exists in two states, +2 (ferrous) or +3 (ferric).
• The great majority of iron used in the body is recycled from the continuous breakdown of red blood cells.

Additional Information 

• Chromium: Chromium is a chemical element with the symbol Cr and atomic number 24. It is the first element in group 6.
• Iodine: Iodine is a chemical element with the symbol I and atomic number 53.
• Magnesium: Magnesium is a chemical element with the symbol Mg and atomic number 12. 

The correct answer is Red blood cells

Explanation:

The Rh factor (Rhesus factor) is a protein that can be present on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). The presence or absence of this antigen determines an individual's Rh status either Rh-positive or Rh-negative.

1. Rh Factor on Red Blood Cells:

• Location: The Rh factor, specifically the D antigen, is located on the surface of red blood cells.
• Rh-Positive: If the D antigen is present on the red blood cells, the person is Rh-positive (e.g., A+, B+, AB+, O+).
• Rh-Negative: If the D antigen is not present on the red blood cells, the person is Rh-negative (e.g., A-, B-, AB-, O-).

The correct answer is Haemoglobin.

Key Points

• Haemoglobin -
  • ​It is a metal protein that makes red blood cells,
  • Which works to carry oxygenated blood inside the body from lungs and gills,
  • It plays an important role in carrying out all the processes of the body smoothly.

Additional Information

• ​Red blood cells (RBC)-
  • They are formed in the bone marrow but in the embryonic stage it is formed in the liver.
• Anthocyanin -
  • ​It is colored water-soluble pigments.
  • It is belonging to the phenolic group. 
  • It is responsible for the colors, red, purple, and blue, are in fruits and vegetables. 
  • Berries, currants, grapes, and some tropical fruits have high anthocyanins content.
• Chlorophyll -
  • ​It is a proteinaceous complex chemical compound.
  • This pigment is the reason for the green color of the leaves.
  • It is the main pigment of photosynthesis.
  • It is also called photosynthetic pigment.
• Plasma -
  • ​It is a fluid present in the blood.
  • It is yellow in colour.
  • With its help, cells and proteins carry blood to different parts of the body.
  • Its quantity in the body ranges from 52 to 62 percent.
  • Whereas red blood cells range from 38 to 48 percent.

The correct answer is plasma.

Key Points

• Blood is connective tissue.
• It consists of cells and a straw-colored viscous fluid termed plasma.
• Blood consists of plasma fluid medium.
• Plasma consists of cells, proteins, ions, hormones, and amino acids.
• The plasma is carried in the blood and delivers all the substances to their desired location.
• Plasma consists of Na+, K+, Ca+, Cl- ions, heparin, and globulin.
• Proteins help in protecting the cell from invading pathogens.
• It is carried in blood vessels.

Additional InformationPlatelets:

• It is the type of cell that is present in plasma.
• It is also known as thrombocytes.
• It helps in blood clotting and forms a clot during injury.

Lymph:

• It is a colorless fluid.
• Its composition is similar to blood.
• It is also known as the interstitial fluid.
• It is carried via lymphatic vessels.

The correct answer is Serum

Explanation:

• The blood coagulation process, also known as blood clotting, is a complex mechanism that involves various components of the blood. This process is essential for preventing excessive bleeding when blood vessels are injured.
• Key components involved in blood coagulation include plasma, fibrinogen, and thrombin. These elements work together to form a clot and stop bleeding.
  • Plasma: Plasma is the liquid portion of blood that carries cells and proteins throughout the body. It contains clotting factors that are crucial for the blood coagulation process. When blood clotting is initiated, these factors are activated to form a clot.
  • Fibrinogen: Fibrinogen is a plasma protein that plays a critical role in blood clotting. It is converted into fibrin by the action of thrombin, forming a mesh that helps to stabilize the blood clot.
  • Thrombin: Thrombin is an enzyme that is essential in the coagulation process. It converts fibrinogen into fibrin, which then forms a stable clot to prevent bleeding.

Serum: Serum is the liquid part of blood that remains after blood has clotted. It does not contain clotting factors because they are consumed in the clotting process. Therefore, serum is not involved in blood coagulation.

The correct answer is Iron.Key Points

• If iron levels are low haemoglobin is not synthesized in sufficient amounts and the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells is reduced, resulting in anaemia.
• Iron is a trace mineral that we need in small quantities every day. 
• It is slightly water soluble and is a cation that exists in two states, +2 (ferrous) or +3 (ferric).
• The great majority of iron used in the body is recycled from the continuous breakdown of red blood cells.

Additional Information 

• Chromium: Chromium is a chemical element with the symbol Cr and atomic number 24. It is the first element in group 6.
• Iodine: Iodine is a chemical element with the symbol I and atomic number 53.
• Magnesium: Magnesium is a chemical element with the symbol Mg and atomic number 12. 

The correct answer is Red blood cells

Explanation:

The Rh factor (Rhesus factor) is a protein that can be present on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). The presence or absence of this antigen determines an individual's Rh status either Rh-positive or Rh-negative.

1. Rh Factor on Red Blood Cells:

• Location: The Rh factor, specifically the D antigen, is located on the surface of red blood cells.
• Rh-Positive: If the D antigen is present on the red blood cells, the person is Rh-positive (e.g., A+, B+, AB+, O+).
• Rh-Negative: If the D antigen is not present on the red blood cells, the person is Rh-negative (e.g., A-, B-, AB-, O-).

 Therefore, the correct answer is 1) Plasma.

Concept:

• Blood composition is complex, comprising various components that perform essential functions in the body.
• The main components of blood include plasma, cells (red cells, white cells), and platelets.
• Blood's fluid medium that carries these cells and other substances is crucial for its functions.

Explanation:

•  Plasma: This is the liquid component of blood in which the blood cells are suspended.
• It makes up about 55% of the body's total blood volume.
• Plasma is mostly water (up to 95% by volume) and contains dissolved proteins, glucose, clotting factors, mineral ions, hormones, and carbon dioxide.
• Lymph: Although lymph is another fluid in the body, it is not a part of blood but rather circulates in the lymphatic system.
• Platelets: These are blood cells, but not part of its fluid medium.

 Therefore, the correct answer is 1) Plasma.