Natural Resources Management MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Natural Resources Management - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Bituminous Coal.

Key Points

The type of coal in which the carbon content ranges from 70-90% is called bituminous coal.

Characteristics of Bituminous Coal:

• Carbon Content: Bituminous coal contains a high percentage of carbon, typically between 70-90%, which makes it efficient for energy production.
• Energy Production: It is widely used for electricity generation and in the production of steel, as it burns cleanly and produces a high amount of energy.
• Physical Properties: Bituminous coal is characterized by its black color and shiny appearance. It can vary in hardness and often contains varying amounts of volatile matter, moisture, and sulfur.
• Types: Bituminous coal is further categorized into sub-bituminous coal and thermal coal, depending on its specific properties and applications.
• Geological Formation: This type of coal forms under high pressure and temperature conditions over millions of years, typically in sedimentary rock formations.

The correct answer is Recycling

• Recycling is the best way to manage electronic waste (e-waste). E-waste contains valuable materials such as metals (gold, silver, copper), plastics, and glass that can be recovered and reused. Recycling helps conserve natural resources, reduces the amount of waste sent to landfills, and minimizes the environmental impact. Moreover, recycling prevents hazardous substances in e-waste, like lead, mercury, and cadmium, from contaminating the environment.

Additional Information

1. Dumping in water bodies: This is highly detrimental to the environment. E-waste contains toxic substances that can leach into the water, harming aquatic life and potentially contaminating drinking water sources.

2. Burying in the ground: Burying e-waste can lead to the leaching of hazardous substances into the soil and groundwater, posing health risks to humans and animals. It also occupies valuable land space and is not a sustainable long-term solution.

3. Incineration: Burning e-waste can release toxic fumes and pollutants into the air, contributing to air pollution and health problems. Incineration also results in the loss of valuable materials that could otherwise be recovered through recycling.

The correct answer is 'Nitric oxide and Nitrogen dioxide'

Key Points

• Nitric oxide (NO) and Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂):
  • These oxides of nitrogen are commonly released during the burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas.
  • Nitric oxide is initially emitted, which can then react with oxygen in the atmosphere to form nitrogen dioxide.
  • Nitrogen oxides are significant pollutants that contribute to the formation of smog and acid rain and can have harmful effects on human health and the environment.

Additional Information

• Nitrogen dioxide and Dinitrogen pentaoxide:
  • Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) is indeed a product of fossil fuel combustion, but dinitrogen pentaoxide (N₂O₅) is not typically released directly during this process.
  • N₂O₅ can form in the atmosphere under specific conditions but is not a primary emission from burning fossil fuels.
• Dinitrogen trioxide and Nitric oxide:
  • Dinitrogen trioxide (N₂O₃) is not a common emission from fossil fuel combustion.
  • While nitric oxide (NO) is correct, the pairing with N₂O₃ makes this option incorrect.
• Dinitrogen pentaoxide and Nitrous oxide:
  • Neither dinitrogen pentaoxide (N₂O₅) nor nitrous oxide (N₂O) are primary emissions from the burning of fossil fuels.
  • N₂O is a greenhouse gas but is not typically released in significant amounts during fossil fuel combustion.

The correct answer is 'sustainable digital life'

Key Points

• Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):
  • The SDGs are a collection of 17 global goals set by the United Nations General Assembly in 2015 for the year 2030.
  • They cover a broad range of social, economic, and environmental development issues.
  • The primary aim is to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure prosperity for all.
• Zero Hunger:
  • SDG 2 aims to end hunger, achieve food security, improve nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture.
  • This goal addresses the need for a sustainable food production system and resilient agricultural practices.
• Quality Education:
  • SDG 4 aims to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all.
  • This goal focuses on improving education outcomes and ensuring equal access to education.
• Affordable and Clean Energy:
  • SDG 7 aims to ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all.
  • This goal emphasizes the need for renewable energy sources and energy efficiency.

Additional Information

• Sustainable Digital Life:
  • 'Sustainable digital life' is not one of the 17 SDGs set by the United Nations.
  • While digital advancements are important, the SDGs focus more on fundamental human and environmental needs.
  • The goals emphasize areas such as poverty, health, education, and climate action rather than digital life.

The correct answer is A - IV, B - I, C - III, D - II

Key Points

• SDG 1 - No Poverty (A - IV):
  • SDG 1 aims to eradicate extreme poverty for all people everywhere by 2030, currently measured as people living on less than $1.25 a day.
  • It also aims to reduce at least by half the proportion of men, women, and children of all ages living in poverty in all its dimensions according to national definitions.
• SDG 2 - Zero Hunger (B - I):
  • SDG 2 aims to end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture.
  • This goal focuses on ensuring that all people, especially the poor and vulnerable, have access to sufficient and nutritious food all year round.
• SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being (C - III):
  • SDG 3 aims to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages.
  • This goal includes targets to reduce maternal mortality, end epidemics of communicable diseases, and reduce mortality from non-communicable diseases and promote mental health.
• SDG 4 - Quality Education (D - II):
  • SDG 4 aims to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all.
  • The goal includes targets for universal primary and secondary education, equal access to quality pre-primary education, and affordable technical, vocational, and higher education.

The correct answer is Recycling

• Recycling is the best way to manage electronic waste (e-waste). E-waste contains valuable materials such as metals (gold, silver, copper), plastics, and glass that can be recovered and reused. Recycling helps conserve natural resources, reduces the amount of waste sent to landfills, and minimizes the environmental impact. Moreover, recycling prevents hazardous substances in e-waste, like lead, mercury, and cadmium, from contaminating the environment.

Additional Information

1. Dumping in water bodies: This is highly detrimental to the environment. E-waste contains toxic substances that can leach into the water, harming aquatic life and potentially contaminating drinking water sources.

2. Burying in the ground: Burying e-waste can lead to the leaching of hazardous substances into the soil and groundwater, posing health risks to humans and animals. It also occupies valuable land space and is not a sustainable long-term solution.

3. Incineration: Burning e-waste can release toxic fumes and pollutants into the air, contributing to air pollution and health problems. Incineration also results in the loss of valuable materials that could otherwise be recovered through recycling.

The correct answer is 'sustainable digital life'

Key Points

• Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):
  • The SDGs are a collection of 17 global goals set by the United Nations General Assembly in 2015 for the year 2030.
  • They cover a broad range of social, economic, and environmental development issues.
  • The primary aim is to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure prosperity for all.
• Zero Hunger:
  • SDG 2 aims to end hunger, achieve food security, improve nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture.
  • This goal addresses the need for a sustainable food production system and resilient agricultural practices.
• Quality Education:
  • SDG 4 aims to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all.
  • This goal focuses on improving education outcomes and ensuring equal access to education.
• Affordable and Clean Energy:
  • SDG 7 aims to ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all.
  • This goal emphasizes the need for renewable energy sources and energy efficiency.

Additional Information

• Sustainable Digital Life:
  • 'Sustainable digital life' is not one of the 17 SDGs set by the United Nations.
  • While digital advancements are important, the SDGs focus more on fundamental human and environmental needs.
  • The goals emphasize areas such as poverty, health, education, and climate action rather than digital life.

The correct answer is Bituminous Coal.

Key Points

The type of coal in which the carbon content ranges from 70-90% is called bituminous coal.

Characteristics of Bituminous Coal:

• Carbon Content: Bituminous coal contains a high percentage of carbon, typically between 70-90%, which makes it efficient for energy production.
• Energy Production: It is widely used for electricity generation and in the production of steel, as it burns cleanly and produces a high amount of energy.
• Physical Properties: Bituminous coal is characterized by its black color and shiny appearance. It can vary in hardness and often contains varying amounts of volatile matter, moisture, and sulfur.
• Types: Bituminous coal is further categorized into sub-bituminous coal and thermal coal, depending on its specific properties and applications.
• Geological Formation: This type of coal forms under high pressure and temperature conditions over millions of years, typically in sedimentary rock formations.

The correct answer is 'No poverty'

Key Points

• No poverty:
  • SDG Goal 1 aims to end poverty in all its forms everywhere by 2030.
  • This goal encompasses a range of targets, including eradicating extreme poverty, implementing social protection systems, and ensuring equal rights to economic resources.
  • It emphasizes the need for sustainable and inclusive economic growth, full employment, and decent work for all.

Additional Information

• Gender equality:
  • SDG Goal 5 focuses on achieving gender equality and empowering all women and girls.
  • While gender equality is crucial for sustainable development, it is not the primary focus of SDG Goal 1.
• Quality education:
  • SDG Goal 4 aims to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all.
  • Although education is a powerful tool for lifting people out of poverty, it is not the central theme of SDG Goal 1.
• Climate action:
  • SDG Goal 13 focuses on taking urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.
  • While addressing climate change is vital for sustainable development, it is not the main objective of SDG Goal 1.

The correct answer is 'C, D and E only'.

Key Points

• Permanent hardness in water:
  • Permanent hardness is caused by the presence of dissolved minerals, primarily calcium and magnesium salts, that do not precipitate out upon boiling.
  • These salts include calcium chloride (CaCl₂), calcium sulphate (CaSO₄), magnesium chloride (MgCl₂), and magnesium sulphate (MgSO₄).
  • Unlike temporary hardness, which can be removed by boiling, permanent hardness requires chemical treatment to be softened.

Additional Information

• Calcium Bicarbonate and Magnesium Bicarbonate:
  • These compounds cause temporary hardness in water, which can be removed by boiling.
• Calcium Nitrate:
  • This compound contributes to permanent hardness in water.

The correct option is 'A - II, B - III, C - IV, D - I'.

Key Points

• Air temperature in ºC (A - II)
  • The air temperature in the comfort zone is typically between 15.6 to 20.0 ºC.
  • This range ensures a comfortable thermal environment for most indoor activities.
• Rate of Air movement in m/s (B - III)
  • The rate of air movement should be around 0.15 m/s to maintain comfort.
  • Excessive air movement can cause discomfort, leading to a drafty feeling.
• Radiant Temperature (C - IV)
  • The radiant temperature in a comfort zone is typically between 16.7 to 20.0 ºC.
  • This range helps in maintaining thermal comfort by balancing the heat exchange between the human body and its surroundings.
• Air humidity in % (D - I)
  • The relative humidity in a comfort zone is around 70%.
  • Proper humidity levels prevent issues such as dry skin and respiratory discomfort.

The correct answer is Time.

Key Points

• Human Resource:
  • Human resources refer to the people who make up the workforce of an organization, business sector, or economy.
  • Human resources are crucial for the development, management, and growth of any organization.
  • Time is a resource that humans manage and utilize efficiently to achieve their goals and objectives.

Additional Information

• Fringe benefits:
  • Fringe benefits are additional compensations provided to employees, such as health insurance, retirement benefits, and paid time off.
  • While fringe benefits support human resources, they are not considered a human resource themselves.
• Space:
  • Space refers to the physical environment where work is conducted.
  • It is a vital aspect of organizational infrastructure but not a human resource.
• Water:
  • Water is a natural resource essential for life and various industrial processes.
  • Though important, it is not categorized as a human resource.

The correct answer is 'Activated carbon particles'

Key Points

• Activated carbon particles:
  • Activated carbon particles are highly effective at adsorbing pollutants from the air, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs), gases, and particulate matter.
  • These particles are used in safety masks because they can trap harmful substances, ensuring cleaner air for the wearer.
  • The porous nature of activated carbon allows it to have a large surface area, enhancing its ability to capture pollutants.
  • These masks are particularly useful in environments with high levels of air pollution, such as industrial areas or cities with significant smog.

Additional Information

• Filament yarns:
  • Filament yarns are continuous strands of fiber, typically used in textiles and fabrics but not effective for filtering air pollutants.
  • They do not have the necessary properties to adsorb harmful particles or gases effectively.
• Activated tencel particles:
  • Tencel is a brand name for a type of rayon, which is made from cellulose fibers. While it is known for being environmentally friendly and comfortable, it is not used for air filtration.
  • Activated tencel particles do not have the adsorptive properties required for capturing air pollutants.
• Spandex filament:
  • Spandex is a synthetic fiber known for its exceptional elasticity. It is commonly used in clothing to provide stretch and comfort.
  • Spandex filament does not possess the characteristics needed to filter or adsorb air pollutants.

The SUMIF() function adds the cell values specified by a given condition or criteria. Given below is an example of the sumif function.

As seen above, the costs corresponding to the years 2010 are added as per the given criteria. 

The correct answer is Utility, Quality, Disposal.

Key Points

When selecting household appliances, three important factors to consider are:

1. Utility

• Utility refers to how well the appliance meets the specific needs and requirements of the household.
• It’s essential to evaluate whether the appliance will effectively serve its intended purpose, whether that’s cooking, cleaning, or maintaining comfort.
• Assessing features, functionality, and ease of use helps ensure the appliance adds value to daily life.

2. Quality

• Quality encompasses the durability, reliability, and performance of the appliance.
• High-quality appliances are more likely to last longer and perform better, reducing the need for repairs or replacements.
• It's important to consider the brand reputation, materials used, and customer reviews to gauge the overall quality of the appliance.

3. Disposal

• Disposal involves considering the environmental impact of the appliance at the end of its lifecycle.
• It’s important to think about how the appliance can be disposed of or recycled responsibly. Many consumers now prioritize energy-efficient appliances that not only reduce utility bills but also have a lower environmental footprint, making disposal considerations increasingly important.

Utility, quality, and disposal are crucial factors in selecting household appliances, ensuring they meet needs, perform well, and are disposed of responsibly.