Solar System MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Solar System - Download Free PDF

Edwin Hubble.Key Points 

• 'Expanding Universe'
  • Edwin Hubble, an American astronomer, and was the first to prove that the universe is expanding.
  • According to Expanding Universe theory, the universe is presently expanding.
  • Hubble proved that there is a direct relationship between the speeds of distant galaxies and their distances from Earth.
• This is now known as Hubble’s Law.

Additional Information

• Black Hole
  • It refers to a point in space where the matter is so compressed as to create a gravity field from which even light cannot escape.
  • The concept was theorized by Albert Einstein in 1915 and the term ‘black hole’ was coined in the mid-1960s by American physicist John Archibald Wheeler.
  • Usually, the black holes belong to two categories:
    • One category ranges between a few solar masses and tens of solar masses. These are thought to form when massive stars die.
    • The other category is supermassive black holes.
    • These range from hundreds of thousands to billions of times that of the sun from the Solar system to which Earth belongs.
  • In April 2019, the scientists at the Event Horizon Telescope Project released the first-ever image of a Black Hole (more precisely, of its shadow).
  • The Event Horizon Telescope is a group of 8 radio telescopes (used to detect radio waves from space) located in different parts of the world.
  • Gravitational waves are created when two black holes orbit each other and merge.

The correct option is 1 i.e., 250 km / sec.

• Speed of orbit of the sun and solar system around the centre is 250 km/sec.
• The speed of orbit of the earth around the sun is 30 km/sec.
• The Moon orbits Earth at a speed of 1.022 km/sec.
• Venus's average orbital speed is 35.02 km/s.
• Mars rotates on its axis approximately every 24.6 hours. This period is often referred to as the "sol," which is a Martian day. It's only a little more than an Earth day, which is about 24 hours.

The correct answer is option 1.

Key Points

• The photosphere is the visible surface layer of the Sun that emits the light we see. Hence, option 1 is correct.
• It is often referred to as the Sun’s “bright outer layer” and has a temperature of about 5,500°C.
• Sunspots are cooler, darker areas on the photosphere.
• The ionosphere and mesosphere are layers of Earth’s atmosphere, not related to the Sun.

Key Points

• A planet is a large space object which revolves around a star.
• Eight planets have been discovered in our solar system.
• The inner planets are those which are closest to the Sun.
  • Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are the inner planets.
  • The inner planets are made up mostly of rock.
• The outer planets are farther from the Sun.
  • They are generally giant balls of gases with rings around them.
  • The outer planets are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
• The heaviest planet is Jupiter, which is also the largest planet.

Hence, Jupitar is not an inner planet.

The correct answer is Mercury.Key Points

• There are eight planets in our solar system. These are:
  • Mercury 
  • Venus
  • Earth
  • Mars
  • Jupiter
  • Saturn
  • Uranus
  • Neptune
• Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun.
• It takes the least time to orbit the Sun.
• It takes about 88 earth days to orbit the Sun.
• Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun.
• It takes the most time to orbit the Sun.

 Thus, we can say that Mercury takes the least time to orbit the Sun.

The correct answer is ​Mars and Jupiter.

Key Points

• Asteroids
  • Apart from the  planets, and satellites, numerous tiny bodies also move around the sun. These bodies are called asteroids.
  • They are found between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
  • Scientists are of the view that asteroids are parts of a planet that exploded many years back.
  • Asteroid Belt is a circumstellar disc in the Solar System.
  • Asteroid Belt is occupied by numerous irregularly shaped bodies called asteroids or minor planets.
  • Four largest asteroids
    • Ceres
    • Vesta
    • Pallas
    • Hygiea
  • Ceres, the asteroid belt's only dwarf planet.
  • Asteroids orbit the Sun and are small bodies on the solar system.
  • They are made up of metals and rocks and also consist of organic compounds.
  • They are similar to comets but don’t have a coma-like comet. 
  • Asteroids tend to have shorter and elliptical orbits.
  • Astronomers have discovered millions of asteroids some that measure hundreds of kilometers across and some as small as dust particles.
  • Asteroids have an elliptical orbit.
  • It is made of metals and rocks.
  • Do not produce a coma or tail atmosphere.
  • The orbital period is 1 to 100 years.

The correct answer is Venus.

• Venus is made up of thick white and yellowish clouds of sulfuric acid.

Key Points

• Venus:
  • The planet is nearest to the Earth and is also the brightest planet.
  • Venus is known as the “Evening Star” as well as “Morning Star”.
  • Known as the “Veiled Planet”.
  • Also known as the “Earth’s twin”. It also rotates clockwise like Uranus.
  • Venus is the hottest planet (even hotter than Mercury).
  • Venus has no water on it. There is no sufficient oxygen on Venus.

Additional Information Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are called terrestrial planets.

• Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are called gaseous planets.
• Uranus is about four times the size of the Earth.
  • This planet appears Greenish in colour because of methane gas present in its atmosphere.
• Neptune is surrounded by methane rings of sub-zero temperature.

The correct answer is Venus.

Important Points

• Jupiter:
  • Jupiter is the planet, orange in color with white bands on it.
  • Jupiter is the largest planet in the Solar System.
  • It is also known as winter planet as its average temperature is very low.
  • Jupiter's atmosphere is mostly made up of hydrogen (H₂) and helium (He).
  • Gannymeda, satellite of Jupiter is the largest satellite in the solar system.
• Mars:
  • Mars is reddish in color.
  • Mars is also known as the Red Planet.
  • It is red in color due to the presence of Iron Oxides.
  • Mars has two moons named Phobos and Deimos.
• Venus: 
  • Venus is Earth's twin in size.
  • Venus is the hottest planet in our Solar System.
  • It is the brightest planet in the Solar System.
  • It is also sometimes referred to as the sister planet to Earth, due to their near similarity of size and mass.
  • Venus is referred to as the “morning star” and “evening star”.
  • It is surrounded by a thick cloud cover, hence known as the Veiled Planet.
  • It is the second planet from the Sun.
  • It also rotates clockwise on its axis like Uranus.
• Uranus:
  • It is about four times the size of the Earth.
  • It appears greenish in color due to the presence of methane gas in its atmosphere.
  • It is the seventh planet from the Sun.
  • It is the third biggest planet in the Solar System.
  • It rotates clockwise i.e from east to west on its axis, which is opposite to other planets except for Venus.
  • The axis of Uranus has a large inclination so that it appears to be lying down, hence it bears the name 'A Planet on its Side'.

The correct answer is Mercury.

Key Points

• The first four planets are called  Terrestrial, meaning earth-like planets like Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.
• They are also called inner planets.
• They lie between the sun and the belt of asteroids.
• They are made up of rock and metals and have relatively high densities.
• The terrestrial planets were formed in the close vicinity of the parent star where it was too warm for gases to condense to solid particles.
• The terrestrial planets are smaller and their lower gravity could not hold the escaping gases. 
• Other than them the planets are called jovian or giant planets like Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
  • They are also called the outer planets.
  • Most of them are much larger than the terrestrial planets and have a thick atmosphere, mostly of helium and hydrogen.
  • The solar winds were not all that intense to cause the removal of gases from the Jovian planets.​ 

Additional Information

Inner or Terrestrial planets: 

1. Mercury
2. Venus
3. Earth
4. Mars

1. Jupiter
2. Saturn
3. Uranus
4. Neptune

• My Very Excited Mother Just Served Us Nachos
• M →  Mercury, V → Venus, E → Earth, M → Mars, J → Jupiter, S → Saturn, U → Uranus, N → Neptune

Saturn is an outer planet of the solar system. It is the sixth planet from the sun and is known for its beautiful rings. Outer planets, also called gas giants, are primarily composed of gas and have thick atmospheres. They are located beyond the asteroid belt and include Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.

The correct answer is Earth.

Key Points

• Among the given options Earth has the shortest day.
• A day is the length of time that a planet takes for the Sun to move from the noon position in the sky at a point on the equator to the same spot.
• Earth has 24 hours per day.
• Mars has approx 25 hours per day.
• Mercury has 1408 hours per day.
• Venus has 5832 hours per day.
• The planet that has the longest day is Venus. 
• The planet Jupiter has the shortest day of all the eight major planets in the Solar System. It spins around on its axis once every 9 hr 55 min 29.69 sec. 

Additional Information

The correct answer is ​Ceres.

Key Points

• The asteroid belt is a circumstellar disc in the Solar System.
• The asteroid belt is occupied by numerous irregularly shaped bodies called asteroids or minor planets.
• Ceres is the asteroid belt's only dwarf planet.
• Asteroids orbit the Sun and are small bodies in the solar system.
• They are made up of metals and rocks and also consist of organic compounds.
• They are found between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
• Four largest asteroids
  • Ceres
  • Vesta
  • Pallas
  • Hygiea

The correct answer is Venus.

Key Points

• Planetary surface temperatures tend to get colder the farther a planet is from the Sun.
• Venus is the exception, as its proximity to the Sun and dense atmosphere make it our solar system's hottest planet.

Additional Information

• Venus is the second planet from the Sun and our closest planetary neighbour.
  • Its thick atmosphere traps heat in a runaway greenhouse effect, making it the hottest planet in our solar system with surface temperatures hot enough to melt lead.
• The Solar System is about 4.6 billion years old.
• Jupiter is the largest planet in the Solar System.
  • It is the fifth planet from the Sun.
  • Jupiter is a gas giant, both because it is so large and made up of gas. 
• Earth is a terrestrial planet.
  • It is the third planet from the Sun.
  • It is the only planet known to have life on it.
  • The Earth formed around 4.5 billion years ago.
• Neptune has four rings which are hard to see from the Earth.
  • It is seventeen times heavier than Earth and is a little bit heavier than Uranus.
  • It was named after the Roman God of the Sea.

• There are many different types of objects found in the solar system: a star, planets, moons, dwarf planets, comets, asteroids, gas, and dust.
  • 1 star (The Sun)
  • 8 planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune)
  • 5 dwarf planets (Pluto, Ceres, Haumea, Makemake, and Eris)
  • 181 moons
  • 566,000 asteroids
  • 3,100 comets

The correct answer is option 1 i.e Corona.

Key Points

• Corona is the outermost layer of the Sun.
  • It experiences a very high temperature, about one million degrees Celcius.
  • It starts at about 2100 km above the photosphere.
  • Corona isn't visible from the earth (except during solar eclipse).
  • The corona does not have an upper limit.
• Photosphere, the Chromosphere, the Transition Region, and the Corona are the outer layers of the sun.
• Granules on the sun's photosphere are due to the convection currents of plasma within the Sun's convective zone.

Important Points

The correct answer is 'Venus''.

Key Points

• Thus, the correct answer is Venus.

Additional Information

• Venus
  • ​Venus is the second planet from the Sun.
  • It is the brightest planet.
  • It is called Earth's Sister Planet or Twin Planet.

Confusion Points

• Venus is entirely covered with a thick carbon dioxide atmosphere and sulphuric acid clouds which give it a light yellowish appearance.
• Jupiter is a giant gas planet with an outer atmosphere that is mostly hydrogen and helium with small amounts of water droplets, ice crystals, ammonia crystals, and other elements. Clouds of these elements create shades of white, orange, brown and red.