Question
Download Solution PDF______ affects the atoms in living cells and thereby damages their genetic material (DNA).
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Detailed Solution
Download Solution PDF- The correct answer is Option 4, i.e Ionising radiation.
- Ionising radiation affects the atoms in living cells and thereby damages their genetic material (DNA).
- Ionizing radiation can affect the atoms in living things, so it poses a health risk by damaging tissue and DNA in genes.
- When cells are exposed to ionizing radiation, radio chemical damage can occur either by direct action or indirect action.
- Direct action occurs when alpha particles, beta particles, or x-rays create ions that physically break the base pairs of the DNA.
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecule composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix carrying genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known organisms.
- Friedrich Miescher: In 1869, Swiss chemist Friedrich Miescher was the first to identify DNA. He isolated a substance he called "nuclein" from the nuclei of white blood cells, which was later identified as DNA.
- James Watson and Francis Crick: In 1953, American biologist James Watson and British physicist Francis Crick discovered the double helix structure of DNA. Their model revealed how DNA could carry genetic information and replicate.
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