Chromosomes found in the salivary glands of Drosophila are:

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SSC Selection Post 2024 (Higher Secondary Level) Official Paper (Held On: 25 Jun, 2024 Shift 4)
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  1. giant chromosome lampbrush
  2. presence of fat digestive enzymes
  3. presence of minute chromosomes
  4. giant chromosome polytene

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : giant chromosome polytene
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The correct answer is giant chromosome polytene.Key Points

  •  The chromosomes found in the salivary glands of Drosophila are giant chromosome polytene.
  • These chromosomes are large and have thousands of DNA strands.
  • They are produced when DNA replication occurs repeatedly without cell division, resulting in many sister chromatids that stay fused together. 
  • Polytene chromosomes are found in the salivary glands of many dipteran flies, including Drosophila, Chironomus, and Rhynchosciara.
  • They are also found in other groups of arthropods, protozoans, and plants. 
  • Polytene chromosomes are used to study the function of genes in transcription.
  • They are also used to map chromosomes, identify small chromosome mutations, and in taxonomic identification
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