According to the National Family Health Survey or NFHS-5 released in 2022, what is India's Total Fertility Rate?

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  1. 3.1
  2. 2.8
  3. 2
  4. 2.9

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : 2
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The correct answer is 2.

Key Points

  • India's Total Fertility Rate (TFR) according to NFHS-5 released in 2022 is 2.
  • The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) is the average number of children a woman would have if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years.
  • A TFR of 2.1 is considered the replacement level fertility, where the population would remain stable.
  • India's TFR has been declining over the years due to increased access to contraceptives and family planning services.

Additional Information

  • National Family Health Survey (NFHS)
    • NFHS is a large-scale, multi-round survey conducted across India to collect information on various aspects of population, health, and nutrition.
    • It is conducted by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.
    • The survey provides essential data for policy and program planning, monitoring, and evaluation.
    • NFHS-5 is the fifth round of the survey, conducted in 2019-2021.
  • Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
    • The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) is a demographic measure used to estimate the average number of children a woman will have during her lifetime.
    • TFR is an important indicator of population growth and replacement level.
    • A TFR of 2.1 is generally considered to be the replacement level, where the population would remain stable.
    • Factors affecting TFR include access to contraception, education, healthcare, and socio-economic conditions.
  • Replacement Level Fertility
    • Replacement level fertility is the total fertility rate at which women give birth to enough babies to sustain population levels.
    • The replacement level fertility for most countries is about 2.1 children per woman.
    • This level compensates for children who do not survive to adulthood and women who do not reproduce.
    • Achieving replacement level fertility is crucial for maintaining population stability and avoiding rapid population decline or growth.
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