निम्नलिखित में से कौन मैक्सवेल का समीकरण नहीं है?

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  1. \(\left(\frac{\partial S}{\partial V}\right)_T = \left(\frac{\partial P}{\partial T}\right)_V \)
  2. \(\left(\frac{\partial V}{\partial T}\right)_P = -\left(\frac{\partial P}{\partial S}\right)_T\)
  3. \(\left(\frac{\partial T}{\partial P}\right)_S = \left(\frac{\partial V}{\partial S}\right)_P\)
  4. \(\left(\frac{\partial T}{\partial V}\right)_S = -\left(\frac{\partial P}{\partial S}\right)_V\)

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : \(\left(\frac{\partial V}{\partial T}\right)_P = -\left(\frac{\partial P}{\partial S}\right)_T\)
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संकल्पना:

समीकरण जो एक संपीड्य द्रव के p, v, T और s गुणों के आंशिक अवकलजों को संबंधित करते हैं, उन्हें मैक्सवेल संबंध कहा जाता है।

चार गिब्सियन संबंध एक इकाई द्रव्यमान के लिए हैं

1) du = Tds - Pdv

2) dh = Tds + vdP

3) df = - Pdv - sdT

4) dg = -sdT + vdP

चूँकि u,h,f और g गुण हैं इस प्रकार बिंदु फलन हैं और उपरोक्त संबंधों को इस प्रकार व्यक्त किया जा सकता है

dz = Mdx + Ndy

जहाँ,

\({\left( {\frac{{\partial T}}{{\partial v}}} \right)_s} = \; + {\left( {\frac{{\partial p}}{{\partial s}}} \right)_v}\)

चक्रीय संबंध को लागू करने पर

Mdx + Ndy → \({\left( {\frac{{\delta M}}{{\delta y}}} \right)_x} = {\left( {\frac{{\delta N}}{{\delta x}}} \right)_y}\)

अब,

गिब्सियन समीकरणों में से प्रत्येक के T,p,v,s को चक्रीय क्रम में M,N,y और x से बदलने पर, हमें निम्नलिखित चार संबंध प्राप्त होंगे।

\(1){\left( {\frac{{\partial T}}{{\partial p}}} \right)_s} = {\left( {\frac{{\partial v}}{{\partial s}}} \right)_p}\;\)

\(2){\left( {\frac{{\partial p}}{{\partial T}}} \right)_v} = {\left( {\frac{{\partial s}}{{\partial v}}} \right)_T}\;\)

\(3){\left( {\frac{{\partial T}}{{\partial v}}} \right)_s} = - {\left( {\frac{{\partial p}}{{\partial s}}} \right)_v}\)

\(4){\left( {\frac{{\partial v}}{{\partial T}}} \right)_p} = - {\left( {\frac{{\partial s}}{{\partial p}}} \right)_T}\)

 

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