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The student wants to emphasize the aim of the research study. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal? While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes: Most, but not all, of the Moon's oxygen comes from the Sun, via solar wind. Cosmochemist Kentaro Terada from Osaka University wondered if some of the unaccounted-for oxygen could be coming from Earth. In 2008, he analyzed data from the Japanese satellite Kaguya. Kaguya gathered data about gases and particles it encountered while orbiting the Moon. Based on the Kaguya data, Terada confirmed his suspicion that Earth is sending oxygen to the Moon.

  1. As it orbited the Moon, the Kaguya satellite collected data that was later analyzed by cosmochemist Kentaro Terada.
  2. Before 2008, Kentaro Terada wondered if the Moon was receiving some of its oxygen from Earth.
  3. Cosmochemist Kentaro Terada set out to determine whether some of the Moon's oxygen was coming from Earth.
  4. Kentaro Terada's study determined that Earth is sending a small amount of oxygen to the Moon.

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Cosmochemist Kentaro Terada set out to determine whether some of the Moon's oxygen was coming from Earth.

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Choice C is the best answer. The sentence emphasizes the aim, or goal, of the research study, noting what Terada set out to do: determine whether some of the Moon's oxygen was coming from Earth. Choice A is incorrect. The sentence focuses on how the Kaguya satellite collected data; it doesn't emphasize the aim of the research study. Choice B is incorrect. While the sentence mentions what Terada was curious about before conducting the research study, it doesn't emphasize his study's aim. Choice D is incorrect. The sentence presents the research study's conclusion; it doesn't emphasize the study's aim.
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Q1.The student wants to emphasize a similarity between the two works. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal? While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes: Maika'i Tubbs is a Native Hawaiian sculptor and installation artist. His work has been shown in the United States, Canada, Japan, and Germany, among other places. Many of his sculptures feature discarded objects. His work Erasure (2008) includes discarded audiocassette tapes and magnets. His work Home Grown (2009) includes discarded pushpins, plastic plates and forks, and wood.
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Q3.The student wants to emphasize a difference between baking soda and baking powder. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal? While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes: Chemical leavening agents cause carbon dioxide to be released within a liquid batter, making the batter rise as it bakes. Baking soda and baking powder are chemical leavening agents. Baking soda is pure sodium bicarbonate. To produce carbon dioxide, baking soda needs to be mixed with liquid and an acidic ingredient such as honey. Baking powder is a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and an acid. To produce carbon dioxide, baking powder needs to be mixed with liquid but not with an acidic ingredient.
Q4.The student wants to contrast Minnesota's definition of a lake with Wisconsin's. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal? While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes: Minnesota defines a lake as an inland body of water of at least 10 acres. Wisconsin's definition of a lake doesn't take size into account. By its own definition, Wisconsin has over 15,000 lakes, many smaller than 10 acres. By Minnesota's definition, Wisconsin has only about 6,000 lakes.
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Q6.The student wants to make and support a generalization about the effect of redesigning a city flag. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal? While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes: Just like states have state flags, some cities have city flags. Over one hundred US cities have redesigned their flags since 2015. The city of Pocatello, Idaho, redesigned its flag after it was named the most poorly designed flag in North America. Pocatello's new flag better represents the city's mountainous geography and civic priorities. Residents consider the new flag to be a meaningful symbol of civic pride.
Q7.The student wants to explain an advantage of the infilling technique. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal? While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes: Some sandstone arches in Utah's Arches National Park have been defaced by tourists' carvings. Park rangers can smooth away some carvings using power grinders. For deep carvings, power grinding is not always feasible because it can greatly alter or damage the rock. Park rangers can use an infilling technique, which involves filling in carvings with ground sandstone and a bonding agent. This technique is minimally invasive.
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Q9.The student wants to introduce Paradise to an audience unfamiliar with the novel and its author. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal? While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes: Abdulrazak Gurnah was awarded the 2021 Nobel Prize in Literature. Gurnah was born in Zanzibar in East Africa and currently lives in the United Kingdom. Many readers have singled out Gurnah's 1994 book Paradise for praise. Paradise is a historical novel about events that occurred in colonial East Africa.
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Q5.The student wants to emphasize a difference between baking soda and baking powder. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal? While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes: Chemical leavening agents cause carbon dioxide to be released within a liquid batter, making the batter rise as it bakes. Baking soda and baking powder are chemical leavening agents. Baking soda is pure sodium bicarbonate. To produce carbon dioxide, baking soda needs to be mixed with liquid and an acidic ingredient such as honey. Baking powder is a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and an acid. To produce carbon dioxide, baking powder needs to be mixed with liquid but not with an acidic ingredient.
Q6.The student wants to contrast Minnesota's definition of a lake with Wisconsin's. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal? While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes: Minnesota defines a lake as an inland body of water of at least 10 acres. Wisconsin's definition of a lake doesn't take size into account. By its own definition, Wisconsin has over 15,000 lakes, many smaller than 10 acres. By Minnesota's definition, Wisconsin has only about 6,000 lakes.
Q7.The student wants to explain an advantage of the Hanke-Henry calendar. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal? While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes: The calendar used by most of the world (the Gregorian calendar) has 365 days. Because 365 days can't be divided evenly by 7 (the number of days in a week), calendar dates fall on a different day of the week each year. The Hanke-Henry permanent calendar, developed as an alternative to the Gregorian calendar, has 364 days. Because 364 can be divided evenly by 7, calendar dates fall on the same day of the week each year, which supports more predictable scheduling.
Q8.The student wants to make and support a generalization about the effect of redesigning a city flag. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal? While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes: Just like states have state flags, some cities have city flags. Over one hundred US cities have redesigned their flags since 2015. The city of Pocatello, Idaho, redesigned its flag after it was named the most poorly designed flag in North America. Pocatello's new flag better represents the city's mountainous geography and civic priorities. Residents consider the new flag to be a meaningful symbol of civic pride.
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More Reading and Writing Questions

Q1.Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? Dr. Rocío Paola Caballero-Gill is a paleoceanographer. This means that Dr. Caballero-Gill doesn't just study oceans as they are today. She uses chemistry and fossil evidence ______blank oceans as they were in the past.
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Q3.Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? In her analysis of Edith Wharton's The House of Mirth (1905), scholar Candace Waid observes that the novel depicts the upper classes of New York society as 'consumed by the appetite of a soulless ______blank an apt assessment given that The House of Mirth is set during the Gilded Age, a period marked by rapid industrialization, economic greed, and widening wealth disparities.
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