The volume occupied by a single gas in a mixture at the same temperature and pressure is referred to as the single-gas volume

The correct answer is Partial volume.

Key Points

• The term partial volume refers to the volume that a single gas in a mixture would occupy if it were alone at the same temperature and pressure.
• Partial volume is a critical concept in gas mixtures and is directly related to Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures.
• This concept helps understand the contribution of individual gases to the total volume of the mixture under identical conditions.
• The sum of all partial volumes of the gases in a mixture equals the total volume of the mixture at constant temperature and pressure.
• This principle is widely used in fields such as thermodynamics, chemistry, and engineering to analyze gas behavior in mixtures.

Additional Information

• Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures:
  • States that the total pressure of a gas mixture is the sum of the partial pressures of individual gases.
  • Each gas in the mixture behaves independently of others, contributing to the total pressure based on its mole fraction.
• Ideal Gas Law:
  • Expressed as PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature.
  • This law is fundamental in understanding gas behavior under different conditions.
• Mole Fraction:
  • The ratio of the number of moles of a particular gas to the total moles in the mixture.
  • It determines the proportional contribution of each gas to the total pressure and volume.
• Applications of Partial Volume:
  • Used in respiratory physiology to analyze the composition of inhaled and exhaled gases.
  • Essential in chemical engineering processes involving gas-phase reactions.
• Real vs. Ideal Gases:
  • While partial volume calculations are straightforward for ideal gases, real gases may deviate due to intermolecular forces and non-ideal behavior.
  • Corrections such as the Van der Waals equation are applied for real gases.