Instructional Design MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Instructional Design - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is - (E), (C), (B), (D), (A)

Key Points

• Gain attention
  • This is the first step in Gagne's Nine Events of Instruction.
  • It involves capturing the learner's interest and curiosity.
• Describe goal and inform the learner of the objectives
  • The second step involves explaining what the learners will achieve by the end of the instruction.
  • Clear objectives guide learners in understanding what is expected of them.
• Stimulate Recall of Prior learning
  • In the third step, instructors help learners connect new information with previously learned knowledge.
  • This helps in building a foundation for new learning.
• Provide guidance for learning
  • The fourth step involves giving learners tips and strategies to help them understand and remember the content.
  • Guidance can include examples, analogies, and other instructional aids.
• Provide Reinforcement
  • The final step in this sequence, reinforcement involves providing feedback to ensure learners have correctly understood the material.
  • Reinforcement helps in consolidating learning and encourages further learning efforts.

Additional Information

• Gagne's Nine Events of Instruction
  • Robert Gagne proposed a systematic approach to instructional design that includes nine steps.
  • These steps are designed to provide a structured approach to teaching and ensure effective learning.
• Steps in Gagne's Nine Events
  • 1. Gain attention
  • 2. Inform learners of objectives
  • 3. Stimulate recall of prior learning
  • 4. Present the content
  • 5. Provide learning guidance
  • 6. Elicit performance (practice)
  • 7. Provide feedback
  • 8. Assess performance
  • 9. Enhance retention and transfer
• Application
  • Gagne's model is widely used in instructional design for creating effective teaching and training programs.
  • It is applicable in both classroom settings and online learning environments.

The correct answer is - A - II, B - I, C - IV, D - III

Key Points

• Programmed Instruction
  • Associated with B. F. Skinner, who developed the concept of instructional programs that allow students to work at their own pace and receive immediate feedback.
• Mastery Learning
  • Proposed by Benjamin Bloom, emphasizing that students must achieve a level of mastery in prerequisite knowledge before moving forward to learn subsequent information.
• Simulation
  • Linked with Carl Smith, who utilized simulations for teaching complex systems and processes.
• Direct Instruction
  • Associated with Tom Good, focusing on structured, explicit teaching methods.

Additional Information

• Programmed Instruction
  • Uses teaching machines or computer-assisted instruction to provide personalized learning experiences.
  • Based on the principles of operant conditioning.
• Mastery Learning
  • Involves formative assessments to identify learning gaps.
  • Ensures all students achieve a high level of understanding before progressing.
• Simulation
  • Enables experiential learning through role-playing and scenario-based activities.
  • Helps in understanding complex systems and decision-making processes.
• Direct Instruction
  • Characterized by teacher-led demonstrations and practices.
  • Focuses on clear, specific teaching objectives and structured lessons.

The correct answer is - Option 4: A - III, B - I, C - IV, D - II

Key Points

• ADDIE
  • ADDIE stands for Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation.
  • This model provides a systematic instruction framework for assessing training and educational materials.
• ASSURE
  • The ASSURE model is used for designing and delivering instruction.
  • It involves steps like Analyzing learners and Selecting media.
• Dick and Carey
  • This model focuses on learner analysis and engagement through systematic instruction.
  • It is a step-by-step framework to assess training and educational materials.
• Mason
  • Charlotte Mason's educational philosophy emphasizes living books, narration, and habits.
  • Her approach is holistic and focuses on the development of the whole person.

Additional Information

• ADDIE Model
  • The ADDIE model is widely used in instructional design and provides a structured approach to creating effective educational programs.
  • Each phase of ADDIE involves specific tasks aimed at improving the overall learning experience.
• ASSURE Model
  • The ASSURE model is particularly useful in integrating technology into teaching.
  • It ensures that instructional materials are selected based on the needs and characteristics of the learners.
• Dick and Carey Model
  • This model is known for its detailed and systematic approach to instructional design.
  • It includes a series of steps that help educators identify learning goals and create effective instructional strategies.
• Charlotte Mason's Philosophy
  • Mason's educational methods focus on the development of good habits and the use of high-quality literature.
  • Her approach is child-centered and aims to cultivate a love for learning.

The correct answer is - Inclusion of formative evaluation at each step

Key Points

• Inclusion of formative evaluation at each step
  • The Dick and Carey Model emphasizes the inclusion of formative evaluation at each step of the instructional design process.
  • This ensures that feedback is continuously incorporated, allowing for ongoing improvements.
  • This contrasts with the ADDIE Model, which may not explicitly include formative evaluation at each step in the same detailed manner.

Additional Information

• Dick and Carey Model
  • Developed by Walter Dick and Lou Carey, this model breaks down the instructional design process into nine detailed steps.
  • The steps include identifying instructional goals, conducting instructional analysis, and designing and conducting formative evaluation.
• ADDIE Model
  • Stands for Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation.
  • It is a more general framework compared to the Dick and Carey Model.
  • While evaluation is part of the ADDIE Model, it does not emphasize formative evaluation at each individual step as prominently as the Dick and Carey Model does.

The correct answer is 'Implementation and Evaluation.'

Key Points

• ADDIE Model:
  • ADDIE is an acronym for Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation.
  • It is a widely used instructional design framework that guides the process of creating effective educational and training programs.
• Implementation:
  • This phase involves the actual delivery of the instructional materials and strategies to the target audience.
  • It includes preparing the learning environment, training instructors, and engaging learners.
• Evaluation:
  • This phase involves assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of the instructional materials and the learning experience.It includes both formative evaluation (conducted during the development process) and summative evaluation (conducted after implementation).

Additional Information

• Incorrect Options:
  • Identification and Evaluation:
    • 'Identification' is not a phase in the ADDIE model. The correct term is 'Analysis,' which involves identifying needs and goals.
  • Identifications and Examination:
    • Similar to the previous option, 'Identifications' is incorrect. 'Examination' is not used in the ADDIE model; instead, 'Evaluation' is the accurate term.
  • Implementation and Examination:
    • While 'Implementation' is correct, 'Examination' is not the appropriate term. The correct phase is 'Evaluation.'

The correct answer is - Inclusion of formative evaluation at each step

Key Points

• Inclusion of formative evaluation at each step
  • The Dick and Carey Model emphasizes the inclusion of formative evaluation at each step of the instructional design process.
  • This ensures that feedback is continuously incorporated, allowing for ongoing improvements.
  • This contrasts with the ADDIE Model, which may not explicitly include formative evaluation at each step in the same detailed manner.

Additional Information

• Dick and Carey Model
  • Developed by Walter Dick and Lou Carey, this model breaks down the instructional design process into nine detailed steps.
  • The steps include identifying instructional goals, conducting instructional analysis, and designing and conducting formative evaluation.
• ADDIE Model
  • Stands for Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation.
  • It is a more general framework compared to the Dick and Carey Model.
  • While evaluation is part of the ADDIE Model, it does not emphasize formative evaluation at each individual step as prominently as the Dick and Carey Model does.

Programmed learning

• Programmed learning is a research-based system that helps learners work successfully.
• The method is guided by research done by a variety of applied psychologists and educators.
• The learning material is in a kind of textbook or teaching machine or computer.
• Programmed learning is the most appropriate example of the latest concept of instructional technology.
• It is an educational innovation and auto-instructional device.
• It is not only a technique for effective learning but also a successful mechanism of feedback device for the modification of teacher-behavior.

Important Points

Adaptive programming

• Adaptive programming suggests that development actors react and respond to changes in the political and socio-economic operating environment.
• It emphasizes learning and the development practitioner is encouraged to adjust their actions to find workable solutions to problems that they may face.
• Norman Crowder is said to be the proponent of adaptive programming.

Key Points

• Skinner gave- programmed learning
• Thomas F. Gilbert gave-  Mathetics
• Robert Mager gave- Learner Controlled instruction

Therefore, In programmed learning, Crowder is the proponent of ‘Adaptive programming’.

The correct answer is - (E), (C), (B), (D), (A)

Key Points

• Gain attention
  • This is the first step in Gagne's Nine Events of Instruction.
  • It involves capturing the learner's interest and curiosity.
• Describe goal and inform the learner of the objectives
  • The second step involves explaining what the learners will achieve by the end of the instruction.
  • Clear objectives guide learners in understanding what is expected of them.
• Stimulate Recall of Prior learning
  • In the third step, instructors help learners connect new information with previously learned knowledge.
  • This helps in building a foundation for new learning.
• Provide guidance for learning
  • The fourth step involves giving learners tips and strategies to help them understand and remember the content.
  • Guidance can include examples, analogies, and other instructional aids.
• Provide Reinforcement
  • The final step in this sequence, reinforcement involves providing feedback to ensure learners have correctly understood the material.
  • Reinforcement helps in consolidating learning and encourages further learning efforts.

Additional Information

• Gagne's Nine Events of Instruction
  • Robert Gagne proposed a systematic approach to instructional design that includes nine steps.
  • These steps are designed to provide a structured approach to teaching and ensure effective learning.
• Steps in Gagne's Nine Events
  • 1. Gain attention
  • 2. Inform learners of objectives
  • 3. Stimulate recall of prior learning
  • 4. Present the content
  • 5. Provide learning guidance
  • 6. Elicit performance (practice)
  • 7. Provide feedback
  • 8. Assess performance
  • 9. Enhance retention and transfer
• Application
  • Gagne's model is widely used in instructional design for creating effective teaching and training programs.
  • It is applicable in both classroom settings and online learning environments.

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs)

• MOOCs are free online courses available for anyone to enroll.
• MOOCs provide an affordable and flexible way to learn new skills, advance your career, and deliver quality educational experiences at scale.
• MOOCs integrate social networking, accessible online resources, and are facilitated by leading practitioners in the field of study.
• Most significantly, MOOCs build on the engagement of learners who self-organize their participation according to learning goals, prior knowledge and skills, and common interests.

MOOC is a platform for delivering learning content online to any person who wants to take a course, with no limit on attendance. So, the introduction of open and distance education in complementation with MOOC in India gives leeway to Equality of educational opportunity, especially to the disadvantaged groups.

The correct answer is - A - II, B - I, C - IV, D - III

Key Points

• Programmed Instruction
  • Associated with B. F. Skinner, who developed the concept of instructional programs that allow students to work at their own pace and receive immediate feedback.
• Mastery Learning
  • Proposed by Benjamin Bloom, emphasizing that students must achieve a level of mastery in prerequisite knowledge before moving forward to learn subsequent information.
• Simulation
  • Linked with Carl Smith, who utilized simulations for teaching complex systems and processes.
• Direct Instruction
  • Associated with Tom Good, focusing on structured, explicit teaching methods.

Additional Information

• Programmed Instruction
  • Uses teaching machines or computer-assisted instruction to provide personalized learning experiences.
  • Based on the principles of operant conditioning.
• Mastery Learning
  • Involves formative assessments to identify learning gaps.
  • Ensures all students achieve a high level of understanding before progressing.
• Simulation
  • Enables experiential learning through role-playing and scenario-based activities.
  • Helps in understanding complex systems and decision-making processes.
• Direct Instruction
  • Characterized by teacher-led demonstrations and practices.
  • Focuses on clear, specific teaching objectives and structured lessons.

The correct answer is - Option 4: A - III, B - I, C - IV, D - II

Key Points

• ADDIE
  • ADDIE stands for Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation.
  • This model provides a systematic instruction framework for assessing training and educational materials.
• ASSURE
  • The ASSURE model is used for designing and delivering instruction.
  • It involves steps like Analyzing learners and Selecting media.
• Dick and Carey
  • This model focuses on learner analysis and engagement through systematic instruction.
  • It is a step-by-step framework to assess training and educational materials.
• Mason
  • Charlotte Mason's educational philosophy emphasizes living books, narration, and habits.
  • Her approach is holistic and focuses on the development of the whole person.

Additional Information

• ADDIE Model
  • The ADDIE model is widely used in instructional design and provides a structured approach to creating effective educational programs.
  • Each phase of ADDIE involves specific tasks aimed at improving the overall learning experience.
• ASSURE Model
  • The ASSURE model is particularly useful in integrating technology into teaching.
  • It ensures that instructional materials are selected based on the needs and characteristics of the learners.
• Dick and Carey Model
  • This model is known for its detailed and systematic approach to instructional design.
  • It includes a series of steps that help educators identify learning goals and create effective instructional strategies.
• Charlotte Mason's Philosophy
  • Mason's educational methods focus on the development of good habits and the use of high-quality literature.
  • Her approach is child-centered and aims to cultivate a love for learning.

The correct answer is - Inclusion of formative evaluation at each step

Key Points

• Inclusion of formative evaluation at each step
  • The Dick and Carey Model emphasizes the inclusion of formative evaluation at each step of the instructional design process.
  • This ensures that feedback is continuously incorporated, allowing for ongoing improvements.
  • This contrasts with the ADDIE Model, which may not explicitly include formative evaluation at each step in the same detailed manner.

Additional Information

• Dick and Carey Model
  • Developed by Walter Dick and Lou Carey, this model breaks down the instructional design process into nine detailed steps.
  • The steps include identifying instructional goals, conducting instructional analysis, and designing and conducting formative evaluation.
• ADDIE Model
  • Stands for Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation.
  • It is a more general framework compared to the Dick and Carey Model.
  • While evaluation is part of the ADDIE Model, it does not emphasize formative evaluation at each individual step as prominently as the Dick and Carey Model does.

Programmed learning

• Programmed learning is a research-based system that helps learners work successfully.
• The method is guided by research done by a variety of applied psychologists and educators.
• The learning material is in a kind of textbook or teaching machine or computer.
• Programmed learning is the most appropriate example of the latest concept of instructional technology.
• It is an educational innovation and auto-instructional device.
• It is not only a technique for effective learning but also a successful mechanism of feedback device for the modification of teacher-behavior.

Important Points

Adaptive programming

• Adaptive programming suggests that development actors react and respond to changes in the political and socio-economic operating environment.
• It emphasizes learning and the development practitioner is encouraged to adjust their actions to find workable solutions to problems that they may face.
• Norman Crowder is said to be the proponent of adaptive programming.

Key Points

• Skinner gave- programmed learning
• Thomas F. Gilbert gave-  Mathetics
• Robert Mager gave- Learner Controlled instruction

Therefore, In programmed learning, Crowder is the proponent of ‘Adaptive programming’.

The correct answer is - (E), (C), (B), (D), (A)

Key Points

• Gain attention
  • This is the first step in Gagne's Nine Events of Instruction.
  • It involves capturing the learner's interest and curiosity.
• Describe goal and inform the learner of the objectives
  • The second step involves explaining what the learners will achieve by the end of the instruction.
  • Clear objectives guide learners in understanding what is expected of them.
• Stimulate Recall of Prior learning
  • In the third step, instructors help learners connect new information with previously learned knowledge.
  • This helps in building a foundation for new learning.
• Provide guidance for learning
  • The fourth step involves giving learners tips and strategies to help them understand and remember the content.
  • Guidance can include examples, analogies, and other instructional aids.
• Provide Reinforcement
  • The final step in this sequence, reinforcement involves providing feedback to ensure learners have correctly understood the material.
  • Reinforcement helps in consolidating learning and encourages further learning efforts.

Additional Information

• Gagne's Nine Events of Instruction
  • Robert Gagne proposed a systematic approach to instructional design that includes nine steps.
  • These steps are designed to provide a structured approach to teaching and ensure effective learning.
• Steps in Gagne's Nine Events
  • 1. Gain attention
  • 2. Inform learners of objectives
  • 3. Stimulate recall of prior learning
  • 4. Present the content
  • 5. Provide learning guidance
  • 6. Elicit performance (practice)
  • 7. Provide feedback
  • 8. Assess performance
  • 9. Enhance retention and transfer
• Application
  • Gagne's model is widely used in instructional design for creating effective teaching and training programs.
  • It is applicable in both classroom settings and online learning environments.

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs)

• MOOCs are free online courses available for anyone to enroll.
• MOOCs provide an affordable and flexible way to learn new skills, advance your career, and deliver quality educational experiences at scale.
• MOOCs integrate social networking, accessible online resources, and are facilitated by leading practitioners in the field of study.
• Most significantly, MOOCs build on the engagement of learners who self-organize their participation according to learning goals, prior knowledge and skills, and common interests.

MOOC is a platform for delivering learning content online to any person who wants to take a course, with no limit on attendance. So, the introduction of open and distance education in complementation with MOOC in India gives leeway to Equality of educational opportunity, especially to the disadvantaged groups.