Learners from Diverse Backgrounds MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Learners from Diverse Backgrounds - Download Free PDF

Talented and creative learners often display advanced thinking skills, curiosity, and originality. Supporting such learners effectively requires more than just speeding up their learning. It involves providing enriched, flexible learning environments that nurture their potential while recognizing both their strengths and needs.

Key Points

•  Open-ended tasks and projects allow these learners to explore ideas deeply and creatively without the constraints of a single "correct" answer. This matches their preference for complexity and innovation.
• Similarly, opportunities for independent exploration help them pursue personal interests and develop self-directed learning skills, which are key for their growth.
• While curriculum acceleration might benefit some, it is not always necessary or suitable for all talented learners. Likewise, the belief that talent is purely innate disregards the critical role of environment, exposure, and encouragement in nurturing abilities.
• The first and third statements are valid; the second and fourth are oversimplified and not universally true.

Hence, the correct answer is I and III only.

Educators play a crucial role in creating equitable learning environments, especially for learners from disadvantaged backgrounds. To support these learners effectively, teaching approaches must be responsive to their diverse needs, cultural backgrounds, and prior experiences.

Key Points

• Using inclusive and flexible teaching strategies means adapting instruction to accommodate different learning styles, languages, and cultural contexts. This approach helps bridge gaps, makes learning accessible, and encourages participation from all students.
• Flexibility allows teachers to modify content, pace, and methods to suit individual needs, fostering a supportive classroom climate.
• In contrast, a rigid curriculum, ignoring cultural or linguistic differences, or focusing only on academically strong learners can widen disparities, marginalize vulnerable students, and limit their educational success.

Hence, the correct answer is use inclusive and flexible teaching strategies.

Understanding the needs and potential of children from disadvantaged backgrounds is crucial for fostering an inclusive and effective learning environment. Intelligence is not dependent on socio-economic status, and all children have the capacity to learn and succeed when provided with appropriate support and resources.

Key Points

•  Providing additional resources and support, such as extra academic help, counseling, or nutritional aid, can significantly improve learning outcomes for disadvantaged learners. This approach addresses the barriers these children face and helps create a level playing field, enabling them to achieve their full potential.
• Assuming that children from disadvantaged backgrounds lack intelligence is a harmful stereotype that can limit expectations and opportunities. Ignoring their needs or denying the effectiveness of support also fails to recognize the complex factors influencing learning.

Hence, the correct answer is only Statement B is true.

Giftedness in learners refers to exceptional abilities or talents that go beyond the average developmental level. Identifying these signs early helps teachers provide appropriate challenges and support to nurture their potential. 

Key Points

• High curiosity drives gifted learners to explore and ask questions beyond the usual scope.
• An advanced vocabulary shows their strong language development and ability to understand and use complex words.
• Quick learning indicates their capacity to absorb and process new information faster than their peers. These characteristics together point towards giftedness.
• Preference for routine tasks, however, is usually not associated with gifted learners. They typically seek novelty and challenge rather than repetitive, predictable activities. Therefore, the presence of routine preference does not align well with gifted behaviors.

Hence, the correct answer is (i), (iii), (iv).

Children with special needs are disabled and any restriction or lack (resulting from an impairment) of ability to perform an activity in a manner or within the range considered normal for a human being. 

Key Points

Education of children with special needs should be provided in an inclusive classroom, along with other normal children as:

• Inclusive classroom values the diversity, each child brings to the classroom and facilitates all with equal opportunities to learn and grow.
• They should be taught in the same schools only with the help of special education experts.
• It provides a provision to include disabled children along with normal children in a regular classroom regardless of their differences and disabilities.
• it will integrate children with disabilities in the general community to prepare them for normal development and will keep them as a part of mainstream education

• If we provide them, education in special schools or in special classes or by special teachers, the inferiority complex will develop in them which could lead to anxiety and frustration.

Hence, we can conclude that children with special needs should be taught in the same schools only with the help of special education experts. 

Prejudice is an attitude that predisposes a person to think, perceive, feel and act in favorable and unfavorable ways towards a group or its individual members.

• A teacher who is prejudiced against a particular community may fail students belonging to that community. He may not select students of a particular community for the school team, although the students in question deserve merit selection against all criteria.

Key Points

• Seating arrangement based on gender, caste, and class reflects discrimination. It displays the mindset of the teacher. Such arrangement shows that the teacher has biased towards a particular group.
• Such practices should not be encouraged because they leave a negative impact on the minds of the learner and demotivate the students to focus on their studies.

Thus, it is concluded that Deep-seated teacher prejudices about disadvantaged groups can often be revealed through an analysis of seating arrangements done on the basis of gender, caste, and classroom processes.

Individual differences refer to the variations among learners in terms of their learning styles, abilities, interests, and needs.

Key Points

• Assertion (A): Teachers should respect the individual differences among learners and adapt their teaching to cater to the needs of all students. This is true.
• Recognizing that students have diverse learning needs, abilities, and preferences is crucial for effective teaching.
• Adapting teaching methods, materials, and assessment strategies to accommodate these differences ensures that all students have the opportunity to learn and succeed.
• Reason (R): Collaborations, group work, and interactions among students should be avoided while teaching a class of diverse learners. This is false.
• Group work allows students to share different viewpoints and learn from one another, which can enrich their understanding of the subject matter.
• Working in groups helps students develop crucial social and communication skills, such as teamwork, negotiation, and conflict resolution.
• Collaborative activities can be designed to include diverse learners and cater to various learning needs, making the classroom more inclusive.
• Avoiding collaboration and group work contradicts effective educational practices that leverage peer learning and interaction.
• Collaborative activities, when well-structured, can support and enhance individual learning rather than hinder it.

Hence, we can conclude that (A) is true but (R) is false.

Intelligence refers to a set of different cognitive abilities to think rationally, act purposefully, resolve problems, and deal with the demands of the environment.

In 1912, William Stern suggested the concept called Intelligent Quotient (IQ). It refers to the score of a standardized test that assesses and measures human intelligence.

An individual’s Intelligence Quotient (IQ) is determined by the formula given below,

\({\bf{Intelligence}}\;{\bf{Quotient}}\;\left( {{\bf{IQ}}} \right) = \frac{{{\bf{Mental}}\;{\bf{Age}}\;\left( {{\bf{MA}}} \right)\;}}{{{\bf{Chronological}}\;{\bf{Age}}\;\left( {{\bf{CA}}} \right)}} \times 100\)

Where,

• Mental Age is based on intellectual development.
• Chronological Age is the number of years a person has lived.
• A child possessing an IQ of 140 and above is known as talented as they are exceptionally intelligent and possess extreme creativity.
• For example, a child’s mental age on an intelligence test comes out to be 6 years while his chronological age is 4 years then his IQ would be 6/4 x 100 = 150
• His/her IQ lies in the 140 and above range, it means he/she is talented.

Important Points

Refer to the IQ table for further information:

Hence, it could be concluded that I.Q. of a talented child is 140.

Creativity is the phenomenon whereby imaginative and original ideas are turned into reality.

• It is the ability possesses by people who are creative, persistent, and imaginative.
• Creativity is a cognitive ability to produce something original by offering a fresh perspective.

Key Points

Graham Wallas (1926) outlined the creative thinking process into four stages:

1. Preparation: It involves collecting information regarding a problem in order to solve it through trial and error, recalling personal experiences, and investigating in all possible directions.
2. Incubation: It is a slow process in which the individual sinks into the unconscious and reflects on the problem. In this stage, individuals forget irrelevant information or unsuccessful attempts and engage with the task effectively.
3. Illumination: It is the stage the individual is most active and conscious. It is in this stage that an insight to the problem is experienced suddenly and a new idea or solution emerges.
4. Verification: This stage might involve modifications to the solution reached in the previous stage by adding or subtracting, or making new connections. The final solution achieved is tested in reality. If the solution does not apply to the problem then the whole process is repeated.

Hence, it could be concluded that the stage of creative problem solving in which an individual does not give attention to irrelevant information is known as incubation.

Gifted children: Any child who is naturally brilliant with a high degree of general mental ability or extraordinary ability in a specific sphere of activity or knowledge. Being gifted is not just a simple trait, but rather a combination of interactions between a child and their surroundings.

Key Points

Gifted children are those who demonstrate achievement or potential in any of the following areas:- 

• General intellectual ability (high IQ or achievement test scores)
• Specific academic aptitude (excellence in certain subject areas such as mathematics or science)
• Creative or productive thinking (the ability to discover new things and find new alternatives, the ability to look at life in new ways)
• Leadership ability (the ability to help solve problems)
• Visual or performing arts (talents in art, music, dance, drama, and related disciplines)
•  Psychomotor ability (excellence in sport

• Test for measuring personality:-A personality test is a tool used to assess human personality. Personality testing and assessment refer to techniques designed to measure the characteristic patterns of traits that people exhibit across various situations. It should not be used for the identification of gifted children.​

Hence, we can conclude that for the identification of gifted children, we should not use tests for measuring personality.

 Additional Information

Testing is often the first major step in the process of seeking challenging education for the gifted child.

• Test for measuring IQ- Intelligence tests or ability tests focus on a student’s overall intelligence level or IQ.
• Test for measuring SQ- Social Intelligence – SQ. Postulated by psychologist Edward Thorndike, it was later reinvented by psychologists like Howard Gardner and Daniel Goleman.  
• Social Intelligence is the ability of a person to tune into other people’s emotions and read the subtle behavioral cues to choose the most effective response in a given situation”

Exceptional children are those who deviate from the normal population and need special education services to meet their needs. It includes children who are gifted, backward, creative, learning disabled, educationally retarded, etc.

Key Points

The above-mentioned characteristic is related to 'Educationally retarded children' as a class consists of students with varying learning abilities as some learn fast and some learn slowly.

'Educationally retarded children': 

• An educationally retarded child is not mentally retarded or physically disabled.
• He may have a neurological handicap or emotional disorder which hinders their abilities.
• Appropriate training required to make educationally retarded children learn some self-care and communication skills.
• Educationally retarded children show the inability to do the work of the class below that which is normal for their age.

Hence, it could be concluded that if a child 'who is in the middle of his school (that is about ten and half years) is unable to do the work of the class below that which is normal for his age" is known as 'Educationally retarded children'.

Important Points

• Mental retardation: It refers to an intellectual disability characterized by low Intelligence Quotient (IQ) and impairments in adaptive daily life skills. 
• Moron: A child with mild intellectual disability and with an IQ of (51-70).
• Idiot: A child with the least intelligence on the IQ scale (0-25).

Gifted students are those who display evidence of high-performance capabilities, in areas such as intellectual, creative, artistic, or leadership quality, or specific academic subjects, in comparison to others of the same age.

Important Points

To locate a gifted child, the preliminary search can be based on an IQ test. Identified gifted children based on intelligence tests. Generally, gifted students have 140 and above Intelligence.

Giftedness based on intelligence was popular, intelligence tests were used for screening purposes. 

Key Points

Characteristics of Gifted students:

• Gifted students can often think abstractly and process information in complex ways
• They are independent thinkers
• Displays great intellectual curiosity and inquisitiveness
• High level of verbal ability 
• High curiosity level
• Has an advanced level of vocabulary for their age
• Incredible comprehension level
• Display exceptional talent in one or more areas
• Uses a lot of common sense 
• Able to learn new information readily
• They can come up with different solutions for a given problem

Hence, we can conclude that To locate a gifted child, the preliminary search can be based on an IQ test.

Exceptional children are those who deviate from the normal population and need special education services to meet their needs. It includes children who are gifted, backward, creative, learning disabled, etc.
A gifted child is the one who displays consistently remarkable performance in various physical or cognitive aspects and exhibits superiority in general intelligence levels.

Important Points

Enrichment program for Gifted children includes:

• Grade acceleration: It refers to advancing gifted students to more challenging and higher-level classes in a shorter amount of time than usual.
• Enrichment of curriculum: It refers to include programs that are designed to give students the opportunity to try new things and explore and develop interests outside of the classroom. 
• Arrangement of special classes: It refers to the 'Congregated Gifted Classes' which congregate gifted students together to receive specialized instruction and training.

Hint

• Special Residential School refers to the school which cares for the most vulnerable children of society.
• It facilitates children with complex special education need or disabilities.

Hence, it could be concluded that 'Special residential school' is not an enrichment program for Gifted children.

The backward child is also called a slow learner. The child is unable to cope with routine work normally expected of his/her age group. The rate of learning is the basis for identifying slow learners. He finds it difficult to keep pace with the normal child in his schoolwork.

Key PointsCharacteristics of slow learners are:

•  They have limited cognitive capacity.
• For them rational thinking is impossible.
• They have the capacity for rote learning and can retain in memory whatever is learned only with a lot of practice and revision in comparison with the normal child.
•  They have poor memory.
• The slow learner has cognitive problems, language-related problems, auditory perceptual problems, visual-motor problems, and social-emotional problems.
• They are distractive and lack concentration in the classroom.
• They have the inability to express themselves through language.

Thus, it is concluded that Abstract thinking is not a characteristic of a slow learner.

Creativity is a cognitive ability to produce something original by offering a fresh perspective. It is the ability possesses by the people who are creative, persistent, and imaginative.

Creativity is related to divergent thinking which refers to a way of solving problems by more than one approach. It is goal-directed thinking which is unusual, novel, and useful and includes brainstorming and out of the box thinking in it

• The creative children are those who show high-performance capability in several areas such as artistic and creative work, leadership quality, keen power of observation, etc.
• These children have divergent thinking and are very curious in nature that's why sometimes the classroom seems monotonous to them because they grab things fastly than of their age-peers.

Trait (ability) of a creative child:

• Elaboration
• Abstracting ability
• Fluency & Flexibility
• Originality & Novelty
• Sensitivity of problems

Additional Information

Characteristics of Creative Children:

• Perceive relation between impossible things.
• Curious, extrovert, and ambitious in nature.

• Think quickly and solve problems in a novel way.

• Convert imaginative and original ideas into reality.

• Use divergent and out of the box thinking in different situations.
• Try new things and risk failure in executing innovative ideas.

Hint

• Accuracy refers to the ability to do anything without making any mistakes. it is the state of being precise and accurate.
• It is not necessary that every time the creative child will be accurate as it is natural for them also to make mistakes.

Hence, it could be concluded that 'Accuracy' is not a trait (ability) of a creative child.