World Demography MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for World Demography - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Africa.

Key Points

• Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most-populous continent.
• With more than 2000 district languages, Africa has a third of the world's languages with less than a seventh of the world's population.
• Africa's continent's terrain was inhabitable and remained unknown for thousands of years, earning it the name of 'Dark Continent'.
• Other Facts
  • The world's longest river -The Nile.
  • The world's largest desert -The Sahara

Additional Information

• Asia is separated from Africa by the Red Sea and Suez Canal.
• Asia is the largest continent and occupies around 30% of the total area of the globe.

The correct answer is Russia.

Key Points

• Infant Mortality rate: It is defined as the number of deaths of children under the age of 1 year per 1000 live births for a given year.
• As per the Sample Registration System (SRS) Bulletin of Registrar General of India, the Infant mortality rate has reduced from 37 per 1000 live births in 2015 to 28 per 1000 births in 2020 at the National level.
• Among the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) countries, Russia's IMR is 4, China's 6, Brazil's 13 and South Africa's 26.
• As per the World Health Organization, the IMR in India - is better only than Pakistan(57) and Myanmar(35).
• In Asia, Sri Lanka(6), Bangladesh(24), and Nepal (24) have lower infant mortality rates than India.
• Globally, the infant mortality rate has decreased from an estimated rate of 65 deaths per 1000 births in 1990 to 29 deaths per 1000 live births in 2018.

Additional Information

• Under 5 Mortality rate (U5MR): It is referred to as the probability of dying before turning of age 5 years per 1000 newborn.
  • It is reported as 32 per 1000 in 2020.
• Neonatal Mortality rate: It is the number of deaths during the first 28 completed days of life per 1000 live births in a given year.
  • It is 20 deaths in 1000 in 2020.
• As per WHO, the top 5 countries having the highest number of newborn deaths in 2020 are:-

The correct answer is Demography.

Key Points

• Demography is the statistical study of human populations, focusing on aspects such as population size, distribution, density, composition, and trends over time.
• It includes the analysis of factors like birth rates, death rates, migration, and aging, which influence population dynamics.
• Demography plays a critical role in policy-making, especially in areas like healthcare, education, housing, and employment.
• The term is derived from the Greek words "demos" (people) and "graphy" (study or writing), essentially meaning the study of people.
• Renowned demographers include Thomas Malthus, known for his theories on population growth and its impact on resources.

Additional Information

• Population Density: Refers to the number of people living per unit area, often expressed as persons per square kilometer.
• Population Distribution: Indicates how people are spread across a specific area or region. It can be uneven due to factors like geography, climate, and resources.
• Crude Birth Rate: The number of live births per 1,000 people in a population within a given year.
• Crude Death Rate: The number of deaths per 1,000 people in a population within a given year.
• Migration: Refers to the movement of people from one place to another, which can impact population size and distribution. Migration can be internal (within a country) or international.

The correct answer is Geometric Population Growth and Arithmetic Food Supply Growth.

Key Points

• The Malthusian Theory of Population was proposed by Thomas Robert Malthus in his work, "An Essay on the Principle of Population" published in 1798.
• Malthus asserted that while the population grows geometrically (i.e., exponentially), food supply or resources grow arithmetically (i.e., linearly).
• According to Malthus, the population would eventually outstrip the food supply, leading to famine, disease, and other population checks.
• He believed that these checks were necessary to maintain a balance between the population size and the availability of resources.
• The theory emphasizes the potential for overpopulation and its consequences on society, including poverty and scarcity of resources.

 Additional Information

• Exponential Inflation and Low Unemployment Rate
  • This option refers to economic concepts rather than population theory.
  • Inflation is the rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services rises.
  • Unemployment rate measures the percentage of the labor force that is jobless and actively seeking employment.
• High Birth Rate and Low Death Rate
  • This option refers to demographic features rather than a theoretical framework.
  • High birth rate indicates a large number of live births per 1,000 people per year.
  • Low death rate indicates a small number of deaths per 1,000 people per year.
• Low Dependency Ratio and High Demographic Dividend
  • This option refers to demographic terms and economic benefits.
  • Dependency ratio is the ratio of dependents (people younger than 15 or older than 64) to the working-age population.
  • Demographic dividend refers to the economic growth potential that can result from shifts in a population’s age structure, mainly when the share of the working-age population is larger than the non-working-age share.

The correct answer is The largest uncontacted tribe living in the Amazon rainforest of southeastern Peru.

In News

• Photos released by the NGO Survival International show the Mashco Piro tribe near logging zones in Peru’s Madre de Dios region, raising global concern over the encroachment of uncontacted tribal lands.

Key Points

• The Mashco Piro are nomadic hunter-gatherers, largely isolated and highly vulnerable to external diseases and displacement.
• Despite protective measures, logging concessions near their habitat threaten their ancestral lands.
• Historically, they were displaced during Peru's 1880s rubber boom, and recent sightings suggest they are again being forced to flee.

The correct answer is Africa.

Key Points

• Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most-populous continent.
• With more than 2000 district languages, Africa has a third of the world's languages with less than a seventh of the world's population.
• Africa's continent's terrain was inhabitable and remained unknown for thousands of years, earning it the name of 'Dark Continent'.
• Other Facts
  • The world's longest river -The Nile.
  • The world's largest desert -The Sahara

Additional Information

• Asia is separated from Africa by the Red Sea and Suez Canal.
• Asia is the largest continent and occupies around 30% of the total area of the globe.

The correct answer is Plateau.

An extensive elevated area of relatively flat land is called a plateau.

Key Points

Plateau

• Plateau is extensive upland areas characterized by the flat and rough top surface and steep walls which rise above the neighboring ground surface at least for 300m.
  • Intermountainous Plateau: Plateaus formed between mountains.
    • An example is Tibetan Plateau.
  • Mountainstep Plateau: The flat region between a plain and the base of a mountain.
  • Continental Plateaus: These are formed when the Lacolith inside the Earth comes to the surface due to weathering.
    • An example is Southern Plateau.
  • Bank Plateaus: These are the plateaus on the banks of the ocean.
  • Domelike Plateaus: These are formed due to the movement of man and animals on the surface.
    • An example is Ramgarh Plateau.

Additional Information

Glacier

• Glacier is a mass of ice sliding down the slope from a snow-clad region.
• While a glacier is moving, the friction of the ice at the bottom slows down the movement of the bottom layers.
• Continental glaciers and Alpine glaciers are the two main types of glaciers.
  • Continental Glacier: An extensive sheet of ice spreading across a vast region sometimes begins to move due to the pressure of the ice.
    • Such glaciers are seen in Antarctica and Greenland.
  • Alpine Glacier: The mass of ice sliding down from the mountains. There are snow-field in the mountainous regions of the Himalayas, the Andes, the Rocky Mountain etc.

Mountain

• The height of the mountains is over 600m and it has conical peaks.
• The four types of mountains are Block mountains, Fold mountains, Accumulated mountains, Residual mountains.
  • ​Block mountains: It is formed when a great block of the earth's crust may be raised or lowered due to tectonic activities. The land between the parallel faults either rises to form Block mountains or horsts or subsides into a depression termed as Rift valley or Garben. Examples are Black forest (Germany), Satpura and Vindhya Range (India), Salt Range Pakistan.
  • Fold mountains: These are formed due to the compressive forces generated by endogenetic forces like earthquakes and landslides. Examples are the Himalayas, Andes, Alps, Rockies, Atlas.
  • Accumulated mountains: These are formed due to the accumulation of sand, soil, rocks, lava etc on the earth's crust. Sand Dunes is an example.
  • Residual mountains: These are formed as a result of erosion of plateaus and high planes by various agents of erosion. Examples are Aravalli, Nilgiri, Deccan Plateau, Rajmahal of India, Sierra (Spain)​

Lagoon

• The shallow lake is formed between the sand and the sea coast.
• Such a lake is called Kayal in Kerala.

Important Points

• The highest plateau in the world - Tibetan Plateau (5000m).
• The highest mountain in the world - Mount Everest (8848m).
• The highest glacier in the world - Lambert-Fisher.

The correct answer is China.

Key Points

• China is the world's largest tobacco-producing country.
• It not only has the highest production volumes but also consumes more tobacco than any other country.

Additional Information

• Here is a table of different crops and their highest-producing countries in 2022:

The correct answer is Egypt.

• The Valley of the Kings is located in Egypt and it is one of the most important archaeological sites in the world.
• A whole cemetery exclusively for pharaohs is present at the site. (pharaohs - A word used for the monarchs of ancient Egypt from the First Dynasty until the annexation of Egypt by the Roman Empire in 30 BCE)
• During Egypt's New Kingdom (1539-1075 B.C.), the valley became a royal burial ground for pharaohs such as Tutankhamun, Seti I, and Ramses II, as well as queens, high priests, and other elites of the 18th, 19th, and 20th dynasties.
• Located at the foot of the Al-Qurn with its characteristic pyramid-shaped top, it is on the western bank of the Nile, at the height of Luxor.

Important Points

• All the tombs in the Valley of the Kings are numbered according to the order in which they were discovered.
• The last one was Tutankhamen’s, which makes the number 62.
• Egyptologists know them by their number and an abbreviation in front, the letters VK, which stands for “King Valley“.
• The largest and most complex tomb in the Valley of the Kings (number 5) was apparently built to contain the burial chambers of many of the sons of Ramses II (reigned 1279–13), the greatest king of the 19th dynasty.

The correct answer is Cuba.

Key Points

• Cuba is called the ‘Sugar Bowl of the World’.
  • It has the largest sugar industry which is now decaying and its position is now taken up by Brazil followed by India.
  • It is an island in the Caribbean region.
  • The Cuban sugar economy is the principal agricultural economy in Cuba.
  • Until 1960 Cuba was the largest Sugar Exporter in the world hence, the name Sugar Bowl of the World. But in the year 2017-18 Year Brazil started its lead in Sugar production which was about 38.9 million metric tons.
  • Cuba
    • Capital: Havana
    • Currency: Cuban Peso

The correct answer is Wide base and narrow top.

Key Points

• A wide base and narrow top mean more young population and less old population.
• It suggests high fertility and death rate.
• Many developing countries have such type of population pyramid.

Important Points

• A population pyramid is also called an age-gender-pyramid.
• In developing countries, the population pyramid has a wide base and narrow top.
• A population pyramid is the graphical representation of the distribution of various age groups in a population such that the representation may take the form of a pyramid.
• On the left side of the pyramid males are shown and on the right females are shown.
• Different types of population pyramids are - the Expanding pyramid, Stationary pyramid, and Contracting pyramid.
• Most of the developed countries have a population pyramid of rectangular shape.

The correct answer is Option 2, i.e Greenland.

Key Points

• Greenland is the the part of Denmark.
• Greenland is the least populated place in the world.
• Population of Greenland is  57000.
• Recently, the US President expressed it’s desire to buy the Danish territory.
• The pace has the strategic importance for the USA due to it’s location in case of if there is an increase of tensions with Russia
• Greenland also have oil, gas and rare earth mineral reserves which works as attracting factor for global firms.

​The correct answer is Brain drain.

Key Points

• Brain drain is the emigration of a significant proportion of a country’s highly-skilled, highly educated professional population to other countries offering better economic and social opportunities.
• It is defined as the migration of health personnel in search of a better standard of living and quality of life, higher salaries, access to advanced technology and more stable political conditions in different places worldwide.

Additional Information

• The demographic transition theory is a generalized description of the changing pattern of mortality, fertility, and growth rates as societies move from one demographic regime to another. 
  • The demographic transition shows shifts in the demographics of a population during economic and social development. 
• The term closed population refers to a population with no migratory flow in or out so that changes in the population occur through births and deaths only.

The correct answer is A) 4, B) 3, C) 1, D) 2.

Key Points

• The Beja people are an ethnic Cushitic people inhabiting Sudan, Egypt, and Eritrea.
• In recent history, they have lived primarily in the Eastern Desert.
• Jews or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group
• They are majorly living in Israel.
• Teda, also called Toda, Todaga, Todga, Tuda, or Tudaga are people of the eastern and central Sahara Chad, Niger, and Libya.
• Lurs or Lurish people are an Iranian people living mainly in western and south-western Iran.
• Their population is estimated at around five million.