School of Philosophy of Education MCQ Quiz in मल्याळम - Objective Question with Answer for School of Philosophy of Education - സൗജന്യ PDF ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക

Idealism primarily deals with subjects related to mind and its development, personality and character development. It aims to understand the truth and reality. It inculcates moral values and principles to the learners so that they can serve the society in a better way. So, subject topics like history, literature, religion, philosophy etc.… help facilitate idealistic concepts to learners. A learner can become spiritual, be impressed with some famous historical persons, or may be deeply interested in social idealisms by this learning methodology.

For Mahatma Gandhi, true education consisted of acculturation and training of the whole person, by which he meant the 3Hs: 'heart' (character), 'hand' (practical skills), and the 'head' (mind). By education of the 'heart', he meant training the 'character' and spiritual or moral advancement, which he placed above all knowledge, whether intellectual or vocational.  

• It takes a whole-child perspective to engage students’ cognitive, social, communicative, physical, and psycho-emotional skills.

Key Points

• The formula of 3H in education is given by Mahatma Gandhi.
• It is based on the philosophy of using a diversity of teaching approaches and strategies can create a more engaging learning environment for students.
• According to Gandhiji- “By education, I mean the all-round and best development of the body, mind, and soul of the child and man.”
• Influential educational theorists, such as John Dewey, Jean Piaget, and Maria Montessori, believed that children actively construct their understanding of the world based on personal experiences.

Thus, it is concluded that Mahatma Gandhi gave the formula of 3H in education.

​   Additional Information

• ​Rabindranath Tagore- “Education means enabling the mind to find out that ultimate truth which emancipates us from the bondage of dust and gives us wealth not of things but of inner light, not of power but of love. It is a process of enlightenment. It is divine wealth. It helps in realization of the truth”.
• Rousseau-  according to him the chief aim of education was the attainment of the fullest natural growth of the individual, leading to balanced, harmonious, useful, and natural life. (ii) The real aim of education is to help the child to lead an enjoyable, useful, and natural life. He says, “To live is not merely to breathe.
• Froebel- his philosophy of education consists of the following components: (a) Free self-activity, (b) Creativity, (c) Social participation, and (d) Motor expression.

The four main divisions of philosophy—metaphysics, epistemology, axiology, and logic—each address fundamental questions and concepts that have been central to philosophical inquiry throughout history.

Key Points 

• Metaphysics: Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy that deals with the fundamental nature of reality and existence.
• Subfields: Ontology (the study of being and existence), cosmology (the study of the origin and structure of the universe), and theology (the study of the nature of the divine).
• Epistemology:  Epistemology is the branch of philosophy concerned with knowledge, belief, and the nature of justification.
• Subfields: Skepticism (questioning the possibility of certain knowledge), the theory of perception (how we perceive the world), and the theory of truth (what it means for a statement to be true).
• Axiology:  Axiology is the branch of philosophy that studies values and value judgments, encompassing both ethics and aesthetics.
• Subfields:
  • Ethics: The study of moral values and principles, addressing questions of right and wrong, virtue and vice, and moral duty.
  • Aesthetics: The study of beauty, art, and taste, focusing on the nature and appreciation of art and beauty.
• Logic:Logic is the branch of philosophy that deals with the principles of valid reasoning and argument.
• Subfields:
  • Formal Logic: The study of logical form and symbolic representations of logical statements.
  • Informal Logic: The study of natural language arguments and fallacies.
  • Mathematical Logic: The application of formal logical techniques to mathematics and other disciplines.

Hence, the correct answer is Logic 

Cultural changes refer to alterations or modifications in the beliefs, customs, values, norms, practices, symbols, and other elements of a culture.

• These changes cover varying aspects of life, including language, customs, beliefs, norms, values, and material objects and artifacts—everything that is passed down from generation to generation as part of a community's shared experiences.
• It can encompass both tangible, material aspects (like clothing, architecture, tools—referred to as physical culture) and intangible, symbolic aspects like norms, values, customs, etc. (referred to as non-physical or symbolic culture).
• Cultural changes are not limited to tangible aspects but also include intangible aspects like language, art, rituals, and social institutions.
• They reflect the evolving nature of a society or community and contribute to its overall development.
• Understanding cultural changes is crucial for sociologists, anthropologists, and researchers as it provides insights into the dynamics of human societies and the factors influencing their development.

Hence, we can conclude that the correct option is 2.

Naturalism, in the context of education, emphasizes aligning education with the child's natural growth and development.

Key Points

• This focus stems from the philosophy that children have inherent tendencies and abilities that should be nurtured and fostered through the learning process. Therefore, educating a child "according to nature" primarily means:
  • Understanding the child's individual needs and strengths: Observing and recognizing the child's natural curiosity, interests, and learning styles.
  • Providing experiences that promote natural development: Creating environments and activities that allow the child to explore, experiment, and learn through hands-on experiences.
  • Respecting the child's natural rhythm and pace: Acknowledging that children learn at different rates and have different needs for activity and rest.

Hint

• Studying laws of physical nature: This can be a component of scientific exploration, but it doesn't capture the core of educating according to the child's innate nature.
• Taking children to parks: Outdoor experiences can be valuable for naturalistic learning, but it's not the only or exclusive setting.
• Decorating classrooms: This may create a pleasant environment, but it doesn't address the core principles of respecting the child's natural tendencies and supporting their individual development.

Therefore, educating the child according to their innate nature remains the essential meaning of "Educate Child according to Nature" within the context of Naturalism.

School management is the process of managing different aspects of education and school. School committees and authorities are responsible for school management and it involves things like over-viewing students' performance, curriculum management, etc. 

Key Points

• Values, philosophy, and specific activities are the objectives of school management  
• Values involve teaching values to children. Values could be related to self, society, school, or culture 
• Philosophy involves the management of education for providing needed managerial skills and abilities. 
• It helps to understand human behaviour 
• Specific activities are important as it makes student equipped in more than academics 
• It helps to make students ready to face the world and ace it.

Thus, it can be concluded that all the above are correct.

Key Points 

Diorama: 

• It is a model that represents a three-dimensional figure in a scene. 
• It is either exhibited in the museum or either used as a miniature. 
• It is a 19th-century mobile theatre device.
• These are widely used in the American educational school system.
• They are usually made to represent historical events, ecological biomes, cultural scenes, or visually depict literature.
• For example, Life in Deserts and Oasis in the Sahara Desert can be easily presented through Diorama.

Hence, Neither I nor II is the correct answer.

Understanding the significance of play in early childhood development has been a subject of interest for educators and psychologists. The statement "Play is a natural instinct" reflects the recognition that play is not only a form of entertainment for children but a fundamental aspect of their cognitive, social, and emotional growth.

Key Points

Caldwell Cook: Caldwell Cook was an American educator and advocate for progressive education. He emphasized the importance of play in the educational process.

• The statement "Play is a natural instinct" aligns with the belief that children are naturally inclined to engage in play as a means of exploring their environment, developing social skills, and acquiring essential cognitive abilities.

Additional Information

• Piaget: Jean Piaget was a Swiss psychologist known for his work in child development. Piaget's theories also underscored the significance of play in cognitive development, emphasizing that children actively construct knowledge through play and exploration.
• Thorndike: Edward Thorndike, an American psychologist, focused on the scientific study of learning and education. While Thorndike's work was influential in behaviorism, he did not explicitly emphasize play as a natural instinct in the same way as Cook.
• Montessori: Maria Montessori, an Italian physician and educator, developed the Montessori method, which recognizes the importance of self-directed play and exploration in a prepared environment. While Montessori strongly valued play, the specific statement "Play is a natural instinct" is not directly attributed to her.

In conclusion, the statement "Play is a natural instinct" is associated with Caldwell Cook, an advocate for progressive education. 

School management is the process of managing different aspects of education and school. School committee and authorities are responsible for school management and it involves things like over-viewing students' performance, curriculum management, etc. 

Key Points

• A review of previous evaluation results and goal setting comes under the planning of school management. 
• The planning process involves formulating plans and goals to make education effective. 
• Planning also involves formulating rules and regulations regarding discipline, curriculum, academics, etc. 
• Goals are set for obtaining effective education and reviewing them for their implementation, which are also a part of the planning stage 
• Planning stage is the groundwork of school management 

Additional Information

• Organizing involves arranging things for the fulfilment of goals.
• Execution involves the implementation of planned goals.
• Application is applying the desired and planned goals.

Thus, it can be concluded that a review of previous evaluation results and goal setting comes under the planning of school management.

The child is viewed as an evolving organism constituted of the same elements as nature around him and that man is not everywhere and at all times the same, but is in a state of continuous change and development.

• Based on this, education was viewed as a continuous process that results in emotional development, social adjustment, physical well-being, and vocational competence.
• Some philosophers like Rousseau, Pestalozzi, Froebel, Basedow, and other contemporaries were the prime movers of this view

Key Points

• The quote "It is a life that educates'' is given by Pestalozzi.
• Pestalozzi believed that education should develop the powers of 'Head', 'Heart', and 'Hands'.
• According to him "Education is a natural, harmonious and progressive development of man's innate powers".
• It is believed that education consists in the development from within of potentialities rather than ‘molding’ externally.
• It is also asserted that curriculum should arise from the needs and interests of the child rather than from the demands of the teacher.

Thus, it is concluded that "It is life that educates'' is a quote by Pestalozzi.

Additional Information

• Froebel was a German pedagogue, a student of Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, who laid the foundation for modern education and believed that play is the principal means of learning in early childhood.
• Mahatma Gandhi gave the concept of basic education, a principle that states that knowledge and work are not separate.
• Montessori's educational philosophy fosters rigorous, self-motivated growth for children and adolescents in all areas of their development, with a goal of nurturing each child's natural desire for knowledge, understanding, and respect.​