_____ can be defined as 'the rise of water level, which takes place due to the transformation of the unstable shooting flow to the stable streaming flow'. 

Explanation:

Hydraulic jump:

• A hydraulic jump occurs when the flow changes from a supercritical flow (unstable) to a sub-critical flow (stable).
• There is a sudden rise in the water level at the point where the hydraulic jump occurs.
• Rollers (eddies) of turbulent water form at this point.
• These rollers cause the dissipation of energy.
• Classification of jump according to the Froude numbers

• \(F_r ^2 = \frac{q^2}{gy^3}\)
• Where Fr  = Froude's no. , q = Discharge per meter width , g = acceleration due to gravity , y= depth of flow