In which of the following states did the Indian classical dance Bharatanatyam originate?

The correct answer is Tamil Nadu.

Key Points

• Bharatanatyam is one of the oldest classical dance forms of India, originating in Tamil Nadu.
• It is deeply rooted in Natya Shastra, the ancient Sanskrit text on performing arts attributed to Bharata.
• The dance form was traditionally performed in temples as an offering to the deities, combining expressive gestures (Mudras), rhythmic movements, and storytelling.
• Bharatanatyam is characterized by its graceful movements, intricate footwork, and evocative facial expressions.
• The dance style is performed to Carnatic music and is often used to narrate stories from Hindu mythology, particularly focusing on themes of devotion (Bhakti).

Additional Information

• Natya Shastra:
  • An ancient treatise written by Bharata that serves as the foundational text for Indian classical dance and drama.
  • It outlines the principles of aesthetics, gestures, expressions, and stagecraft integral to performing arts.
• Components of Bharatanatyam:
  • Nritta: Pure dance movements focusing on rhythm and technique.
  • Nritya: Expressive dance using gestures and facial expressions to convey emotions.
  • Natya: The dramatic aspect involving storytelling and enactment.
• Costume and Makeup:
  • Dancers wear traditional silk sarees with intricate borders and jewelry.
  • Makeup emphasizes facial expressions and eye movements, essential for conveying emotions.
• Famous Bharatanatyam Practitioners:
  • Rukmini Devi Arundale: A pioneer who redefined Bharatanatyam as a respected art form.
  • Padma Subrahmanyam: Known for her innovative approach to Bharatanatyam.