The measure and adjustment of price levels for goods and services across a broad sector of the economy is called as:

Explanation:

Rationalisation:

• Rationalization is the process of converting a pre-existing workflow to a workflow that is more goal-oriented and based on a specific set of rules.
• Asset rationalization is the process of reorganizing a company's assets in order to improve and boost operating efficiency.

Depreciation:

• Depreciation is a reduction in the value of the asset with the passage of time.
• Generally, the decline in the value of the asset is due to wear and tear deterioration or obsolescence.

Indexation:

• Indexation is the process or technique through which the Government or Organization adjusts the purchase price of an asset to account for inflation between the time you bought and sold it. In simple words, indexation allows you to increase the purchase price depending on the inflation rate in the economy.
• Indexation can be done to adjust for the effects of inflation, cost of living, or input prices over time, or for different prices and costs in different geographic regions.
• Indexation is often used to raise wages in inflationary environments, where failure to negotiate regular wage increases will result in real wage cuts for workers.

Escalation:

• Escalation refers to a persistent (or sustained) rise in the price of specific commodities, goods, or services due to a combination of inflation, supply and demand, and other effects such as environmental, geological, and engineering changes.

Hence, the measure and adjustment of price levels for goods and services across a broad sector of the economy are called indexation.