What is the primary function of the F4 key in MS Excel when editing a cell reference in a formula?

The correct answer is Toggles between absolute and relative references.

Key Points

• The F4 key in MS Excel is primarily used to toggle between absolute, relative, and mixed references when editing a cell reference in a formula.
• Pressing F4 repeatedly changes the format of the cell reference, cycling through absolute (e.g., $A$1), relative (e.g., A1), and mixed references (e.g., $A1 or A$1).
• Absolute references (e.g., $A$1) lock both the row and column, ensuring the reference does not change when copied to another cell.
• This feature is particularly useful in creating flexible formulas that apply to multiple cells while maintaining specific references.
• The F4 key functionality works only in formula editing mode and is exclusive to MS Excel and similar spreadsheet software.

Additional Information

• Absolute Reference: In Excel, an absolute reference (e.g., $A$1) ensures that the cell address remains constant, even if the formula is copied or moved.
• Relative Reference: A relative reference (e.g., A1) adjusts dynamically when the formula is copied to another cell, based on its relative position.
• Mixed Reference: A mixed reference (e.g., $A1 or A$1) locks either the row or the column while allowing the other to adjust when copied.
• Keyboard Shortcuts: The F4 key can also be used outside of formulas in Excel, such as repeating the last action performed (e.g., formatting or inserting rows).
• Formula Editing Mode: To use the F4 key for toggling references, the user must first select the cell reference in the formula bar or directly within the cell while in edit mode.