When rainfall intensity is greater than infiltration capacity indicated by the infiltration capacity curve, the excess water contributes to:

Explanation:

• The infiltration capacity refers to the maximum rate at which soil can absorb water. When rainfall intensity exceeds this capacity, the soil can no longer absorb all the water, and the excess water starts flowing over the surface of the ground.

• This excess water that cannot infiltrate into the soil is what leads to surface runoff, which is the movement of water across the land surface, often resulting in streams, rivers, or flooding.

Additional Information Groundwater recharge:

• This happens when water infiltrates the soil and percolates down to replenish groundwater supplies, but this occurs when rainfall intensity is less than or equal to the infiltration capacity.

Evapotranspiration:

• This is the process of water being transferred to the atmosphere from both soil evaporation and plant transpiration, which is unrelated to excess rainfall.

Evaporation:

• This refers to water turning into vapor from the surface of the land or water bodies, but it is not directly related to the excess rainfall.