Question
Download Solution PDFWhich element is used for making solar cells?
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Detailed Solution
Download Solution PDFThe correct answer is Silicon.
Key Points
- Silicon is the primary material used in the manufacturing of solar cells due to its semiconductor properties.
- It is abundant in the Earth's crust, making it a cost-effective choice for photovoltaic (PV) cells.
- Silicon-based solar cells convert sunlight directly into electricity through the photovoltaic effect.
- There are two main types of silicon used in solar cells: monocrystalline and polycrystalline silicon.
- Monocrystalline silicon solar cells are known for their high efficiency and longevity.
Additional Information
- Photovoltaic Effect
- The photovoltaic effect is the generation of voltage and electric current in a material upon exposure to light.
- This effect is the basic physical process through which a solar cell converts sunlight into electricity.
- Monocrystalline Silicon
- Monocrystalline silicon is made from a single continuous crystal structure.
- It is highly efficient, with efficiency rates typically between 15-20%.
- Monocrystalline solar panels are space-efficient and have a long lifespan.
- Polycrystalline Silicon
- Polycrystalline silicon is made from silicon crystals that are melted together.
- It is less efficient than monocrystalline silicon, with efficiency rates around 13-16%.
- Polycrystalline solar panels are more affordable and easier to produce.
- Thin-Film Solar Cells
- Thin-film solar cells are made by depositing one or more layers of photovoltaic material on a substrate.
- These cells are lightweight and flexible, making them suitable for a variety of applications.
- They typically have lower efficiency compared to silicon-based solar cells but are cheaper to produce.
- Solar Cell Efficiency
- Solar cell efficiency refers to the proportion of sunlight that can be converted into usable electricity.
- Factors affecting efficiency include the type of material used, the quality of the solar cell, and environmental conditions.
- Research and development are continually improving the efficiency of solar cells, making them more viable for widespread use.
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