Which one of the following does NOT affect the value of the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor?

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RRB ALP Mechanic Radio & TV 23 Jan 2019 Official Paper (Shift 3)
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  1. Distance between the plates
  2. Voltage applied to the capacitor
  3. Surface area of the plates
  4. Permittivity of the dielectric used

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : Voltage applied to the capacitor
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Detailed Solution

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The correct option is 2

Concept:

Parallel Plate Capacitor:

Consider a parallel plate capacitor consisting of two plates, each of area A square meters and separated by a uniform dielectric of thickness d meters and relative permittivity εr as shown in Fig.

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Let a potential difference of V volts applied between the plates place a charge of + q and − q on the plates

Electric flux density (D) between plates is,

D = q / A coulombs/m2      ....(1)

The electric intensity (E) between plates is,

E = V / d volt/m      ....(2)

We know that,

D = ε0εrE

Where ε0 is absolute permittivity which is equal to 8.85 x 10-12 F/m

D = kE       ....(3)

From equation (1), (2), and (3),

\(\frac{q}{A} = k\frac{V}{d}\)

\(\frac{q}{V} = \frac{{kA}}{d}\)

The Q / V ratio is the capacitance of the capacitor,

\(C = \frac{{kA}}{d}\)

Hence it is independent of voltage

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