Who among the following led the 'Kuka-Movement' of Punjab ? 

The correct answer is Ram Singh.

Key Points

• Ram Singh was the founder and leader of the Kuka Movement, which emerged in Punjab during the 19th century.
• The movement was primarily aimed at reviving Sikhism and eradicating social evils such as caste discrimination and idol worship.
• The Kuka Movement, also known as the Namdhari Movement, was initiated in the year 1857.
• Ram Singh advocated for the abolition of child marriage and promoted vegetarianism and simplicity in living.
• The movement later transformed into a significant struggle against British colonial rule and exploitation.

Additional Information

• Kuka Movement's Origin:
  • The term "Kuka" derives from the Punjabi word meaning "to shout," referring to the loud recitation of prayers by the followers.
  • The movement aimed to purify Sikh practices and emphasize adherence to the teachings of Guru Granth Sahib.
• Namdhari Sikhs:
  • Namdhari Sikhs, also known as Kukas, emerged as a distinct sect within Sikhism under Ram Singh's leadership.
  • They adopted unique practices, including wearing white turbans and garments, and rejecting idol worship.
• Role in Freedom Struggle:
  • The Kuka Movement laid the foundation for early resistance against British imperialism in Punjab.
  • Ram Singh's followers boycotted British goods and services, advocating for self-reliance and indigenous industries.
• British Reaction:
  • The British considered the movement a threat and suppressed it through harsh measures, including mass executions in 1872.
  • Despite suppression, the movement left a lasting impact on Sikh reform and anti-colonial resistance.