UPSC CSAT Questions Solved Problems with Detailed Solutions [Free PDF]

The Correct answer is Option 3. 

Key Points

• Assumption 1 is correct: The passage mentions that advocates of cryptocurrencies argue they offer greater financial inclusion, security, and efficiency, particularly due to their decentralized nature, compared to traditional banking systems.
• Assumption 2 is correct: The passage discusses the exploration of central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) as a potential solution to address the benefits of digital currencies while maintaining stability in traditional monetary systems. Thus, the correct answer is (c) Both 1 and 2.

The Correct answer is Option 4. 

Key Points

Ram reaches from city M to city N in 15 minutes.

Time taken by him to travel from M to N and then take tea at N = 15 + 7 = 22 minutes

He will again take 22 minutes from city N to O, and from city O to P.

So, total time taken till now = 22 + 22 + 22 = 66 minutes

Now, he will take 15 minutes more to reach city Q from city P.

So, total time taken to complete his journey = 66 + 15 = 81 minutes, i.e. 1 hour, 21 minutes

Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.

The Correct answer is Option 2. 

Key Points

Number of candidates who had none of the three = Total number of candidates - Number of candidates who had at least one of the three degrees

Total number of candidates = 240

Number of candidates who had at least one of the three degrees = n(A ∪ B ∪ C)

(Where A = MBA, B = M.tech, and C = Ph.D)

n(A ∪ B ∪ C) = n(A) + n(B) + n(C) - {n(A ∩ B) + n(B ∩ C) + n(C ∩ A)} + n(A ∩ B ∩ C)

= 120 + 90 + 150 - {60 + 45 + 55} + 30 = 390 – 160 = 230

n(A ∪ B ∪ C) is the number of candidates who had at least one of the three degrees.

So, Number of candidates who had none of the three degrees = 240 - 230 = 10

Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

The Correct answer is Option 2. 

Key Points

• Option (a) is incorrect: The passage discusses the environmental impact of producing and disposing of renewable energy infrastructure, indicating that renewable energy is not entirely free of environmental concerns.
• Option (b) is correct: The passage highlights that the intermittency of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, and the need for energy storage technologies are crucial challenges that need to be addressed for the successful integration of renewable energy.
• Option (c) is incorrect: The passage emphasizes that the transition to renewable energy is essential for environmental sustainability, making it clear that renewable energy is a necessary part of the future energy mix.
• Option (d) is incorrect: The passage specifically mentions that advancements in energy storage technologies are crucial for balancing supply and demand, indicating their importance for the widespread adoption of renewable energy.
• Thus, the correct answer is (b) The integration of renewable energy requires addressing challenges related to intermittency and storage.

The Correct answer is Option 3. 

Key Points

• Inference 1 is correct: The passage explicitly states that students with high emotional intelligence tend to perform better academically and socially. This directly supports the idea that EI plays a significant role in improving both academic and social performance.
• Inference 2 is also correct: The passage mentions that there is resistance to integrating EI into curricula because educators may not fully understand its significance or how to teach it. This indicates that the lack of integration is partly due to the lack of understanding.
• Thus, the correct answer is (c) Both 1 and 2.

The Correct answer is Option 2. 

Key Points

Number of digits in 1-digit pages = 1×9 = 9

Number of digits in 2-digits pages = 2×90 = 180

Number of digits in 3-digits pages = 3×900 = 2700

Number of digits in 4-digits pages = 4209 – (9 + 180 + 2700) = 4209 – 2889 = 1320

∴ Number of pages with 4-digits = 1320/4 = 330

So, total number of pages in the book = 9 + 90 + 900 + 330 = 1329

Hence, option (b) is correct.

The Correct answer is Option 2. 

Key Points

Given that: 1 wine barrel = 52 glasses of wine = 22 bottles of wine

∴ 22 bottles of wine = 52 glasses of wine

∴ 1 bottle of wine = (52/22) or (26/11) glasses of wine

Now, there are already 12 glasses and 8 bottles of wine present in the barrel.

12 glasses of wine + 8 bottles of wine = 12 glasses of wine + 8 × (26/11) glasses of wine = (340/11) glasses of wine

The barrel can hold 52 glasses of wine.

So, the remaining space in the barrel = 52 glasses of wine – (340/11) glasses of wine = 21 glasses of wine (approx.)

Hence, option (b) is correct.

The Correct answer is Option 1. 

Key Points

• Assumption 1 is correct: The passage clearly mentions that rapid urbanization, especially in developing countries, is leading to increased demand for services and infrastructure, which many cities are struggling to provide.
• Assumption 2 is incorrect: The passage specifically mentions that climate change is exacerbating the challenges faced by cities, such as rising temperatures and increased flooding, making it a significant factor.
• Thus, the correct answer is (a) 1 only.

The Correct answer is Option 3. 

Key Points

• Assumption 1 is correct: The passage mentions that while sectors like e-commerce and digital marketing have flourished, traditional manufacturing and retail industries have faced disruptions, implying that some sectors have benefited more than others.
• Assumption 2 is correct: The passage highlights the digital divide and cybersecurity threats as significant challenges that need to be addressed for the continued growth of digital technologies.
• Thus, the correct answer is (c) Both 1 and 2.

The Correct answer is Option 4. 

Key Points

We get a zero when we get 10, which in turn is obtained when 2 and 5 are multiplied. The number of zeroes will depend on whichever is less in number from among 2 and 5.

2! × 3! × 4! ………….×14! × 15!

In the given product, we can deduce that 2 is definitely more in number than 5. So, the number of zeroes at the end will be equal to the number of 5’s in the given product.

Number of 5s in 2! = 0

Number of 5s in 3! = 0

Number of 5s in 4! = 0

Number of 5s in 5! = 1

Number of 5s in 6! = 1

Number of 5s in 7! = 1

Number of 5s in 8! = 1

Number of 5s in 9! = 1

Number of 5s in 10! = 2

Number of 5s in 11! = 2

Number of 5s in 12! = 2

Number of 5s in 13! =2

Number of 5s in 14! = 2

Number of 5s in 15! = 3

So, total number of zeroes in the given expression = 0 + 0 + 0 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 3 = 18

Hence, option (d) is correct.

The Correct answer is Option 3. 

Key Points

Let the tens digit of the number be x and units digit be y.

So, the number = 10x + y

Number formed by reversing the digits = 10y + x

According to the question,

3(10x + y) = (2/3) (10y + x)

Or 9(10x + y) = 2(10y + x)

Or 90x + 9y = 20y + 2x

Or 88x = 11y

Or y = 8x

It is given that, the sum of the tens and units digit of the number is 9.

So, x + y = 9

Or x + 8x = 9 (Since, y = 8x)

Or 9x = 9

Or x = 1

So, the number is 10x + y = 10x + 8x = 18x = 18×1 = 18, which is divisible by 3 and 6.

Hence, option (c) is correct.

The Correct answer is Option 4. 

Key Points 

Area of major sector of a clock = πr² – Area of minor sector

= πr² – {πr²×(ϴ/360)}

= πr² {1 – (ϴ/360)}

= πr² {1 – 45/360)}

= πr² (7/8)

= (22/7) × 6 × 6 × (7/8) (Here, r = 6 cm)

= 99 cm²

Hence, option (d) is the right answer.

The Correct answer is Option 2. 

Key Points

Let, the two genres be A and B.

There are 6 rows and in each row 6 books of the same genre can be placed. And no two adjacent rows have the same genre of books.

Therefore, the number of ways of arrangement of both genres of books in 6 rows are: ABABAB or BABABA, i.e. 2 ways

Now, since each book is different, the number of ways in which 18 books of genre ‘A’ can be placed = 18! ways

Similarly, the number of ways in which 18 books of ‘B’ genre can be placed = 18! ways

∴ Total number of ways = 2 × 18! ×18! = 2 (18!)² ways

Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

The Correct answer is Option 2. 

Key Points

• Inference 1 is not correct. The passage mentions government incentives, but it does not suggest that these incentives have made EVs affordable for "most consumers." The high upfront cost remains a challenge for widespread adoption.
• Inference 2 is correct. The passage explicitly outlines challenges such as cost, limited driving range, and infrastructure, but it also highlights the long-term benefits of EVs, such as reduced emissions and lower pollution.
• Thus, the correct answer is (b) 2 only.

The Correct answer is Option 3. 

Key Points

For the number to be even, last digit can be either 0, 2 or 8.

When the last digit is 0, then:

Number of possibilities = 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 24

When the last digit is 2, then:

Number of possibilities = 3 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 18 (since first digit cannot be zero)

When the last digit is 8, then:

Number of possibilities = 3 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 18 (since first digit cannot be zero)

So total number of possibilities = 24 + 18 + 18 = 60

Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.