Highway Materials and Maintenance MCQ Quiz in मराठी - Objective Question with Answer for Highway Materials and Maintenance - मोफत PDF डाउनलोड करा
Last updated on Mar 11, 2025
Latest Highway Materials and Maintenance MCQ Objective Questions
Top Highway Materials and Maintenance MCQ Objective Questions
Highway Materials and Maintenance Question 1:
In angularity number test, the angularity number for aggregates used in construction generally ranges from ______.
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Highway Materials and Maintenance Question 1 Detailed Solution
Concept:
Angularity:
It is the absence of roundness. An aggregate particle, which is more rounded, is less angular and vice versa.
Angularity number:
- Angularity number of an aggregate is the amount (to the higher whole number) by which the percentage of voids in it after compacting in a prescribed manner exceeds 33.
- Where “33” is the percentage of the volume of voids in a perfectly rounded aggregate. And, “67” is the percentage of the volume of solids in a perfectly rounded aggregate when compacted in a specified manner.
- The value of angularity number generally lies between 0 & 11.
Determination of angularity number:
(a) From the solids
\(Angularity\space Number = {Volume\space of\space water\space added \over Total\space volume\space of\space cylinder}\times100-33\)
(b) From the voids
\(Angularity\space Number = 67 - {100W \over CG_s}\)
Where C = weight of water required to complete fill the cylinder, W = weight of aggregate in the cylinder, Gs = specific gravity of aggregate
Highway Materials and Maintenance Question 2:
Which of the following code is used for the penetration test of bitumen?
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Highway Materials and Maintenance Question 2 Detailed Solution
Explanation:
The list of is codes related to bitumen testing is as follows:
|
Tests for Bitumen with IS codes |
|
|
Name of Test |
IS code Number |
|
Penetration Test |
IS: 1203-1978 |
|
Ductility test |
IS: 1208-1978 |
|
Softening Point test |
IS: 1205-1978 |
|
Specific gravity test |
IS: 1202-1978 |
|
Viscosity test |
IS: 1206-1978 |
|
Flash and Fire Point test |
IS: 1209-1978 |
|
Float Test |
IS: 1210-1978 |
|
Determination of Water Content |
IS: 1211-1978 |
|
Determination of Loss on Heating |
IS:1212-1978 |
Highway Materials and Maintenance Question 3:
Identify the test to be conducted for the determination of the modulus of subgrade reaction in pavement design.
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Highway Materials and Maintenance Question 3 Detailed Solution
Concept:
The various tests performed on bitumen are as follows:
|
Test |
Characteristics |
|
Penetration test |
It is performed to determine the grade of bitumen. Penetration value also gives the idea about the softness and harness of the bitumen Higher the grade of bitumen, softer will be the bitumen. |
|
Plate bearing test |
It is done on soil subgrade and it determines the modulus of subgrade reaction. Modulus of subgrade reaction is given by \({\rm{k}} = \frac{{\rm{p}}}{{\rm{\Delta }}} = \frac{{\rm{p}}}{{0.125{\rm{cm}}}}{\rm{\;kg}}/{\rm{c}}{{\rm{m}}^3}\) Where, p = pressure corresponding to settlement of 0.125 cm.
|
|
CBR test |
CBR value can be defined as the ration of load at penetration of 2.5 mm or 5.0 mm to the standard load (i.e. 1370 kg for 2.5 mm & 2055 kg for 5.0 mm) for same penetration. \({\rm{CBR}} = \frac{{{\rm{Load\;at\;penetration\;of\;}}2.5\;{\rm{mm\;or\;}}5.0\;{\rm{mm}}}}{{{\rm{standard\;load\;at\;same\;penetration}}}}\) This test is used for determine the thickness of the pavement or subgrade. Greater the CBR value, lower will be the thickness. |
|
Abrasion test |
It is performed to determine the hardness of the aggregates used in the pavement. It is performed by Los Angeles, Devel and Dorry Abrasion value \({\rm{AV}} = \frac{{{{\rm{W}}_2}}}{{{{\rm{W}}_1}}} \times 100\), Where, W2 = weight of aggregates passing through 1.70 mm sieve and W1 = initial weight of aggregates. Note:- Abrasion Value should not be greater than 30% for surface and 35% for bituminous concrete. |
Highway Materials and Maintenance Question 4:
Which of the following expression represents the angularity number for the aggregate, used in highway construction?
C = weight of cylinder, W = weight of aggregate in the cylinder, G = specific gravity of aggregate.
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Highway Materials and Maintenance Question 4 Detailed Solution
Concept:
Angularity:
It is the absence of roundness. An aggregate particle, which is more rounded, is less angular and vice versa.
Angularity number:
- Angularity number of an aggregate is the amount (to the higher whole number) by which the percentage of voids in it after compacting in a prescribed manner exceeds 33.
- Where “33” is the percentage of the volume of voids in a perfectly rounded aggregate. And, “67” is the percentage of the volume of solids in a perfectly rounded aggregate when compacted in a specified manner.
- The value of angularity number generally lies between 0 & 11.
Determination of angularity number:
(a) From the solids
\(Angularity\space Number = {Volume\space of\space water\space added \over Total\space volume\space of\space cylinder}\times100-33\)
(b) From the voids
\(Angularity\space Number = 67 - {100W \over CG_s}\)
Where C = weight of the cylinder, W = weight of aggregate in the cylinder, Gs = specific gravity of aggregate
Highway Materials and Maintenance Question 5:
Which of the following represents the hardest grade of bitumen?
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Highway Materials and Maintenance Question 5 Detailed Solution
Bitumen is classified on the basis of either its penetration value or its viscosity.
Classification based on the penetration value of bitumen:
The penetration test is carried out to know the hardness or softness of bitumen used in road construction by measuring the distance in tenths of a millimeter to which a standard needle will penetrate vertically into a sample of bitumen under the stipulated condition of temperature, time and loading.
A bitumen specified as of grade 80/100 means that the range of penetration value of the sample is between 80 to 100 (i.e. actual penetration would range between 8 mm to 10 mm).
∴ Hardest grade of bitumen among the following is 30/40, as penetration would be as less as 3 to 4 mm only.
Note: It can be stated that for a hot climate, lower penetration grades of bitumen are preferred, and for cold climates, higher penetration grades of bitumen are preferred.Highway Materials and Maintenance Question 6:
In which of the following test of bitumen Ring and Ball apparatus is used?
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Highway Materials and Maintenance Question 6 Detailed Solution
|
Test |
Apparatus |
|
Penetration test |
Penetrometer |
|
Softening point test |
Ring and Ball apparatus |
|
Viscosity test |
Orifice Type Viscometer |
|
Flash and fire point test |
Pensky Martens Closed Cup Tester and Open Cup Tester |
Softening point test: The softening point is the temperature at which the substance attains a particular degree of softening under the specified condition of test. The softening point of bitumen is usually determined by Ring and Ball test. The concept of softening point tests and the test set-up is shown in the figure below. Generally higher softening point indicates lower, temperature susceptibility and is preferred in warm climates.
∴ Ring and Ball apparatus is used in the softening point test.
Highway Materials and Maintenance Question 7:
The IRC has specified maximum stripping value of aggregates should NOT exceed ______
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Highway Materials and Maintenance Question 7 Detailed Solution
Explanation:
Bitumen adheres well to all normal types of road aggregates provided they are dry and free from dust. In the absence of water, there is practically no adhesion problem of bituminous construction. Adhesion problem occurs when the aggregate is wet and cold. This problem can be dealt with by removing moisture from the aggregate by drying and increasing the mixing temperature. Further, the presence of water causes stripping of binder from the coated aggregates. These problems occur when the bitumen mixture is permeable to water.
IRC has specified the maximum value of stripping value of aggregate not to exceed 5%.
Highway Materials and Maintenance Question 8:
Match list I with list II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the list.
|
List – I |
List – II |
|
A. Penetration Test |
1. Overlay design |
|
B. Marshal Test |
2. Determination of softening point |
|
C. Ring and Ball Test |
3. Gradation of asphalt cement |
|
D. Benkelman beam Test |
4. Design of Bituminous concrete mix. |
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Highway Materials and Maintenance Question 8 Detailed Solution
Various tests conducted on bitumen for testing its various properties are as follows:
|
Test on Bitumen |
Properties to be tested |
Desirable Value |
|
Ductility Test |
Ductility (Briquettes Apparatus) |
less than 50 |
|
Flash and Fire Point Test |
Flash Point and Fire Point (Pensky-Martens Closed Tester) |
greater than 175° |
|
Float Test |
Consistency |
|
|
Penetration Test |
Hardness or Softness of Bitumen, Grade of bitumen is decided |
30/40, 60/70 and 80/100 |
|
Softening Point Test |
Softening Point (Ring & Ball Test) |
35° C to 70° C |
|
Specific Gravity Test |
Specific Gravity (Pycnometer) |
1.01 to 1.03 |
|
Water Content Test |
Water Content |
Lesser than 2% |
Marshall Mix Design:
(i) Marshal test is used for designing the bituminous concrete mix for pavement construction
Benkelman Beam deflection method:
(i) Benkelman Beam is a device which can be conveniently used to measure the rebound deflection of a pavement due to dual wheel load assembly or the design wheel load.
Highway Materials and Maintenance Question 9:
Flakiness index (FI) of aggregate is the percentage by weight of aggregate particles, the least dimension of which is less than:
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Highway Materials and Maintenance Question 9 Detailed Solution
Concept:
Flakiness Index:
As per IS 2386 (Part 1):1963, cl. 4.0
- The flakiness index of an aggregate is the percentage by weight of particles in it whose least dimension is less than 3/5 OR 0.60 times their mean dimension.
- This test is not applicable to a size less than 6.3 mm.
Elongation Index:
As per IS 2386 (Part 2):1963, cl. 5.0
- The elongation index of an aggregate is the percentage by weight of particles in it whose greatest dimension is more than 1.80 times their mean dimension.
- This test is not applicable to a size less than 6.30 mm.
Additional Information
The following table shows the different test's acceptable limits on aggregates:
|
Aggregate Test |
Acceptable Limit |
|
Crushing test |
Crushing Value: ≯ 30% for the surface course ≯ 45% for base course |
|
Impact Test |
Aggregate impact value: ≯ 30% for the surface course ≯ 35% for base course |
|
Abrasion test |
Abrasion value: ≯ 35% for Bituminous concrete ≯ 50% for the base course. |
|
Soundness test |
% loss in weight: ≯ 12% for Na2SO4 ≯ 18% for MgSO4 |
|
Flakiness index test |
% of aggregates passing through 0.6dmean ≯ 15% of the total weight |
|
Elongation Index test |
% of aggregates passing through 1.8dmean ≯ 15% of the weight of aggregates (after flakiness test) |
|
Water absorption test |
Water absorption ≯ 0.6% of the weight. |
Highway Materials and Maintenance Question 10:
The test commonly adopted to determine the grade of bitumen in terms of its hardness is:
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Highway Materials and Maintenance Question 10 Detailed Solution
Penetration Test: Penetration test is a commonly adopted test on bitumen to grade the material in terms of its hardness. A 80/100 grade bitumen indicates that its penetration value lies between 80 & 100.
Ductility test: The ductility test measures asphalt binder ductility by stretching a standard-sized briquette of asphalt binder to its breaking point. The stretched distance in centimetres at breaking is then reported as ductility.
Flash and fire point test: Flash and fire point measures the temperature at which the material is at risk of catching fire.
softening point test: The softening point helps in the determination of the temperature beyond which the bitumen is softened beyond a pre-specified softness.