In distribution transformers, the explosion vent is designed to:

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  1. improve the cooling system
  2. control oil pressure
  3. release pressure in case of excessive buildup
  4. monitor transformer oil quality

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : release pressure in case of excessive buildup
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The correct answer is option 3.

Function of the explosion vent in the distribution transformer:

  • When an internal fault occurs within the transformer, such as a short circuit or insulation breakdown, it can generate high-pressure gases.
  • These gases can rapidly increase the pressure inside the transformer tank. 
  • The explosion vent is designed to release this excess pressure when it reaches a predetermined level, typically around 5 psi. 
  • By releasing the pressure, the explosion vent prevents the transformer tank from bursting or being severely damaged. 
  • It also helps to prevent potential hazards, such as fire or injury, associated with a transformer explosion. 
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