The time period of the Chola Dynasty in South India was _______.

The Correct answer is 9th–13th Century CE.

Key Points

• The Chola Dynasty was one of the most prominent and enduring dynasties in South India, flourishing between the 9th and 13th Century CE.
• They are known for their significant contributions to art, architecture, literature, and administration.
• The Cholas established their dominance over the Tamil region and expanded their empire to parts of present-day Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Sri Lanka.
• Their capital was initially at Uraiyur and later moved to Thanjavur (Tanjore).
• They built iconic temples, such as the Brihadeeswarar Temple (a UNESCO World Heritage Site), which is a prime example of Dravidian architecture.
• Under the Cholas, trade and commerce flourished, especially with Southeast Asian countries, as they maintained strong maritime connections.
• The Chola administration was highly organized, with a well-defined system of governance, including local self-governance through village assemblies.
• Important rulers of the dynasty include Raja Raja Chola I (985–1014 CE) and Rajendra Chola I (1014–1044 CE), who expanded the empire significantly.

 Additional Information

• 4th–5th Century CE
  • This time period corresponds more closely to the early history of the Pallavas, who were another significant dynasty in South India.
  • The Pallavas are known for their contributions to rock-cut architecture, such as the monuments at Mahabalipuram.
• 5th–6th Century CE
  • During this period, the Gupta Empire in North India was at its zenith, marked by advancements in science, literature, and the arts.
  • In South India, this period saw the rise of regional powers like the Kalabhras, who temporarily disrupted the traditional Tamil kingdoms.
• 7th–8th Century CE
  • This era marked the rise of the Pallavas and the early Pandyas in South India.
  • The Pallavas were known for their patronage of Shaivism and their rock-cut temples.
  • Notable rulers like Narasimhavarman I (Mamalla) and contributions such as the shore temples of Mahabalipuram are from this time.