What is the function of shielding gas in Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW)?

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  1. Protects the consumable coated electrode and the molten metal weld pool from the atmospheric contamination
  2. Protects the tungsten electrode and the molten metal weld pool from the atmospheric contamination
  3. Removes the slag by striking and conducts current to pass through it
  4. Protects the consumable bare electrode and the molten metal weld pool from the atmospheric contamination

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : Protects the tungsten electrode and the molten metal weld pool from the atmospheric contamination
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Detailed Solution

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Explanation:

Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW)/TIG Welding: 

  • Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) also known as tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding is a process that produces an electric arc maintained between a nonconsumable tungsten electrode and the part to be welded.

Inert Gas in TIG Welding

  • The heataffected zone the molten metal and the tungsten electrode are all shielded from atmospheric contamination by a blanket of inert gas fed through the GTAW torch.
  • Inert gas is inactive or deficient inactive chemical properties.
  • The shielding gas serves to blanket the weld and excludes the active properties in the surrounding air. Inert gases such as Argon and Helium do not chemically react or combine with other gases.

The principle of the tungsten inert gas welding process is shown below

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