What traditional water harvesting system is used in the semi-arid and arid regions of Rajasthan?

The correct answer is 1) Tankas.

Key Points

• Tankas are traditional underground water storage systems, primarily found in the arid and semi-arid regions of Rajasthan, India.
• They are designed to collect and store rainwater during the monsoon season for use in dry periods.
• The structure typically consists of a cylindrical underground tank constructed using locally available materials like lime plaster to prevent leakage.
• Tankas are often built near households or community spaces and are covered with a lid to prevent evaporation and contamination.
• These systems are a critical part of Rajasthan's water conservation practices, ensuring water availability in regions facing severe water scarcity.

Additional Information

• Rainwater Harvesting:
  • A sustainable practice of collecting and storing rainwater for future use, especially in regions with irregular rainfall.
  • It helps reduce dependency on groundwater and mitigates the effects of droughts.
• Other Traditional Water Harvesting Systems in India:
  • Kunds: Small circular underground pits found in Rajasthan for rainwater storage.
  • Baolis: Stepwells commonly found in northern India for water storage and access.
  • Guls: Channels found in hilly regions like Himachal Pradesh for diverting water from streams to agricultural fields.
• Importance of Tankas:
  • Tankas are highly efficient in minimizing water evaporation in arid climates.
  • They are a cost-effective solution for water storage and require minimal maintenance.
• Challenges:
  • Climate change and erratic rainfall patterns can affect the efficiency of Tankas.
  • Proper maintenance and community participation are essential to ensure their functionality over time.