Which statement best compares battery and magneto ignition systems in internal combustion engines?

Explanation:

Battery Ignition Systems:

• Battery ignition systems rely on an external battery to provide the electrical energy required to create a spark at the spark plug. This system is commonly used in modern vehicles and offers consistent performance regardless of engine speed. The main components of a battery ignition system include a battery, ignition coil, distributor, and spark plugs.

Working Principle: The battery supplies electrical energy to the ignition coil, which steps up the voltage to a level sufficient to create a spark. The distributor then directs this high-voltage current to the appropriate spark plug at the correct time, igniting the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber.

Advantages:

• Consistent spark generation independent of engine speed.
• Reliable performance, especially at low engine speeds.
• Easy to maintain and diagnose issues due to the availability of electrical components.

Disadvantages:

• Reliance on the battery means the system can fail if the battery is discharged or faulty.
• Additional components such as the battery and charging system add weight and complexity.

Magneto Ignition Systems:

• Magneto ignition systems generate electrical energy on-demand using electromagnetic induction. This system is commonly used in small engines, such as those found in motorcycles, lawn mowers, and aircraft, due to its simplicity and reliability. The main components of a magneto ignition system include a magneto, ignition coil, and spark plugs.

Working Principle: The magneto consists of a rotating magnet that induces a high-voltage current in the ignition coil. This current is then directed to the spark plug, creating a spark to ignite the air-fuel mixture. The system generates power on-demand, eliminating the need for an external battery.

Advantages:

• Independence from an external battery, making it more reliable in remote or off-grid applications.
• Simpler and lighter design due to fewer components.
• Consistent performance at high engine speeds.

Disadvantages:

• Performance can be inconsistent at low engine speeds.
• Requires precise alignment and timing of components for optimal performance.