______ forces water through a semipermeable membrane and removes contaminants

The correct answer is Reverse Osmosis.Key Points

• Reverse Osmosis is a technology that is used to remove a large majority of contaminants from water by pushing the water under pressure through a semi-permeable membrane.
• Reverse Osmosis, commonly referred to as RO.
• Osmosis is a process where a weaker saline solution will tend to migrate to a strong saline solution
• Examples of osmosis are when plant roots absorb water from the soil and our kidneys absorb water from our blood.
• Reverse Osmosis is the process of Osmosis in reverse.
• Whereas Osmosis occurs naturally without energy required, to reverse the process of osmosis you need to apply energy to the more saline solution.

Additional Information

• Boiling-
  • Boiling is the process by which a liquid turns into a vapour when it is heated to its boiling point.
  • The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which the vapour pressure of the liquid equals the atmospheric pressure.
  • The boiling point of water is 373 K (or 100 ° C).
• Distillation-
  • Distillation refers to the selective boiling and subsequent condensation of a component in a liquid mixture.
  • It is a separation technique that can be used to either increase the concentration of a particular component in the mixture.
• Filtration-
  • Filtration is technically defined as the process of separating suspended solid matter from a liquid.
  • By causing the latter to pass through the pores of a membrane, called a filter.