In the circuit shown below, reciprocity theorem:

F2 Vinanti Engineering 09.01.23 D5

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  1. can be applied because it contains non-linear elements
  2. can be applied
  3. cannot be applied because it contains more than one voltage source
  4. can be applied because it contains more than one voltage source

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : cannot be applied because it contains more than one voltage source
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The given circuit consists of two voltage sources of 100 V and 200 V and the reciprocity theorem is applicable only to single-source networks and not to multisource networks.

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Reciprocity theorem

In a linear, bilateral network, the ratio between response the excitation remains the same even after the position of response and excitation are interchanged.

F2 Vinanti Engineering 09.01.23 D6 F2 Vinanti Engineering 09.01.23 D7

In fig (a) and (b), the position of excitation (E) and response (I1) are interchanged, but according to the reciprocity theorem, the ratio of response and excitation will remain unchanged.

Limitations of the reciprocity theorem

  • It is applicable only to single-source networks and not to multisource networks.
  • It is not applicable to circuits consisting of any time-varying element.
  • It is not applicable to the circuits consisting of the dependent source even if it is linear.
  • It is not applicable to circuits consisting of non-linear elements like diodes, transistors, etc.
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