Which characteristic pottery became a hallmark of early Iron Age settlements in northern India?

Question

Question

This question was previously asked in

SSC GD Constable 2025 Official Paper (Held On: 07 Feb, 2025 Shift 1)

Answer 1

The correct answer is Painted Grey Ware.

Key Points

Painted Grey Ware (PGW) is a type of pottery that emerged as a hallmark of early Iron Age settlements in northern India, particularly during the Vedic period (circa 1200–600 BCE).
This pottery is characterized by its fine texture, grey color, and painted designs in black or deep brown hues, often depicting geometric patterns or simple motifs.
PGW is strongly associated with settlements located in the Indo-Gangetic plains, including sites like Hastinapur, Ahichchhatra, and Atranjikhera.
Archaeological findings suggest that PGW pottery reflects the cultural and technological advancements during the early Iron Age, coinciding with the transition from pastoral to agrarian societies.
It is often linked with the later Vedic culture and is considered one of the indicators of early urbanization in northern India.

Additional Information

Black-and-Red Ware:
- A type of pottery associated with Chalcolithic cultures and some Iron Age sites in India.
- It features a dual-color scheme with black interiors and red exteriors, often with simple decorations.
- While significant, it predates Painted Grey Ware and is not specific to early Iron Age settlements.
Northern Black Polished Ware (NBPW):
- NBPW pottery is a later development, flourishing around 700–200 BCE during the Mauryan period.
- It is known for its glossy finish and was often associated with urban centers and trade networks.
Red Polished Ware:
- This type of pottery is typically associated with later periods, such as the post-Mauryan and Gupta periods.
- It is characterized by its bright red color and smooth texture, often used for decorative purposes.
Early Iron Age Settlements:
- The period saw the rise of agrarian societies, advancements in metallurgy, and the use of iron tools and weapons.
- Settlements like Hastinapur and Kaushambi flourished during this era, marking the transition to urbanization.