Higher Education System MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Higher Education System - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is A rigid ratio could force the hiring of faculty without sufficient research experience or teaching skills.

Explanation: Enforcing a strict 15:1 student-teacher ratio might fail to improve education quality because it could necessitate hiring faculty who lack adequate teaching skills or research experience. This compromise in faculty qualifications can negatively impact the overall learning environment and academic standards. Instead of focusing solely on numbers, attention should be given to the quality of teaching and mentorship provided. A rigid ratio may also overlook other critical factors like curriculum design, infrastructure, and access to resources, which are equally important in enhancing education quality. Balancing quantity with quality is essential to ensure meaningful educational outcomes.

The correct answer is Weak research programs, lack of funding, and poor infrastructure cause wide variations in academic standards.

Explanation: A major concern about the quality of Indian Ph.D. degrees is the presence of weak research programs, insufficient funding, and inadequate infrastructure, which result in significant variations in academic standards. These factors hinder the development of robust research ecosystems and affect the overall quality of doctoral education. Limited resources and lack of mentorship opportunities further exacerbate the issue, making it challenging for scholars to engage in impactful research. The disparity in academic rigor across institutions undermines the global competitiveness of Indian Ph.D. degrees. Addressing these systemic issues is crucial to improving the credibility and standard of doctoral education in the country.

The correct answer is Many effective institutions in the U.S. and Europe maintain ratios around 25:1 to 30:1.

Explanation: Many effective universities in the U.S. and Europe typically maintain student-teacher ratios around 25:1 to 30:1. This balance allows these institutions to manage resources efficiently while ensuring quality education and personalized attention. It reflects a practical approach where larger class sizes are accommodated without compromising academic standards.

The correct answer is Fewer than 40,000 Ph.D. degrees are awarded each year, and many come from institutions with weak research culture.

Explanation: Maintaining a 15:1 ratio is challenging because fewer than 40,000 Ph.D. degrees are awarded annually in India, and many are from institutions lacking a strong research culture. This limits the pool of qualified faculty who can contribute effectively to teaching and research, impacting the quality of education.

The correct answer is Finding enough well-trained Ph.D. graduates is difficult, so institutions might hire underqualified candidates.

Explanation: Enforcing a strict 15:1 student-teacher ratio might fail to improve education quality because it could necessitate hiring faculty who lack adequate teaching skills or research experience. This compromise in faculty qualifications can negatively impact the overall learning environment and academic standards. Instead of focusing solely on numbers, attention should be given to the quality of teaching and mentorship provided. A rigid ratio may also overlook other critical factors like curriculum design, infrastructure, and access to resources, which are equally important in enhancing education quality. Balancing quantity with quality is essential to ensure meaningful educational outcomes.

The correct answer is 75.

Key Points

• The finance bill has to be passed by the Parliament within 75 days of its introduction.
• The Finance Bill can be introduced only in Lok Sabha.
  • However, the Rajya Sabha can recommend amendments to the Bill.
• It must be passed in Lok Sabha by a simple majority of all members present and voting.
• A Finance Bill is a Money Bill as defined in Article 110 of the Constitution.
• A Money Bill passed by the Lok Sabha is deemed to have been passed by the Rajya Sabha also when no action is taken by the Upper House within 14 days.

The correct answer is Assam.

Key Points

• The first state in India to pass the GST legislation in the Assembly was Assam.
• Goods and Service Tax is an indirect tax implemented in India on 1st July 2017.
• GST was passed as the 101st amendment act. It came into force on 1st July 2017.
• The GST was first implemented in France.
• The concept of GST was first introduced in the Parliament by P. Chidambaram in 2005.
• The different tax slabs under the GST are  0%, 5%, 12%, 18%, and 28%.
• One nation, one tax, one market is the motto of the GST.
• Indian GST is based on the Canadian model and was made on the recommendation of the Vijay Kelkar Committee.
• GST has been implemented under Article 279 of the Indian Constitution.
• GST was the 122^nd Constitutional Amendment Bill introduced in the Parliament of India.

Important Points As of April 2022:

The correct answer is 80.

Key Points 

• A member of Parliament in the Lok Sabha represents the voice of the Indian people in the Lok Sabha, the lower house of Parliament in India.
• Members of the Lok Sabha legislature are elected by direct elections based on adult suffrage for 5 years.
• With two houses, the Parliament of India is bicameral; consisting of the Rajya Sabha (upper house i.e. Council of States) and Lok Sabha (lower house i.e. House of the People).
• In the Lok Sabha, the highest allowed strength of members of parliament is 552 of these, 543 members are directly elected by the people from single-member constituencies, while the President of India can nominate up to two members from the Anglo-Indian community if deemed necessary for representation.
• The faction, or alliance of parties, with a majority in the Lok Sabha, selects India's Prime Minister.
• The state of Uttar Pradesh is currently represented by the strength of 80 members in the Lok Sabha.

Additional Information

• Uttar Pradesh is a state in Northern India. 
• With approximately 200 million people, it is India's most populous state and the world's most populous subdivision of countries. 
• Capital: Lucknow
• Chief Minister: Yogi Adityanath (BJP)

The Lok Sabha

Important Points

• The reservation for the Anglo-Indian community in the Lok Sabha was abolished with the 104th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019.
• As a result, there are no longer nominated seats for Anglo-Indian members in the Lok Sabha.

The correct answer is Etawah

• Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences is situated at Saifai in Etawah district of Uttar Pradesh.
• Formerly it was known as  U.P. Rural Institute of Medical Sciences and Research.
• In 2016, by an act of state government, U.P. Rural Institute of Medical Sciences and Research has been granted the status of University and renamed as Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences.
• The University is running full-fledged:
  • Medical College
  • Dental College (postgraduate)
  • Paramedical College
  • Nursing College
  • Pharmacy College
  • Multi-speciality 850 bedded hospital
  • 150 bedded trauma and burn centre
• The state government is planning to establish the following facilities:
  • 500 bedded super speciality hospital
  • 300 bedded Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Paediatrics hospital 

The correct answer is 6 Months.

• A person who is not a member of State Legislature can be appointed as Chief Minister for 6 months, within which time, he should be elected to the state legislature, failing which he ceases to be Chief Minister.
• As per Article 164, 
  • The chief ministers shall be appointed by the Governor and other ministers shall be appointed by the governor on the advice of the Chief Minister and the ministers shall hold the office during the pleasure of the Governor.
• As per Article 164(4),
  • A minister who for any period of six consecutive months is not a member of the legislature of the state shall at the expiration of that period cease to be a minister.

The correct answer is option 3 i.e Madhya Pradesh.

Key Points

• Unicameral State Legislature
  • Unicameral legislature states have only one house to make a law.
  • In states, these are called as ‘legislative assemblies.’
• Bicameral State Legislature
  • It is a legislative body with two houses.
  • In India, there are 6 states which have a bicameral legislature.
  • In a bicameral legislature, the function to administer and implement the laws are shared between the two houses.
• At the state level, six of the 28 state legislatures have two houses:
  • Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha)
  • Legislative Council (Vidhan Parishad)
• The names of the six states having bicameral legislature are:
  • Andhra Pradesh
  • Bihar
  • Karnataka
  • Maharashtra
  • Telangana
  • Uttar Pradesh

The higher education establishments are universities, specialized higher education schools, and independent colleges.

Key Points

• India has the most number of universities in the world.
• According to data from July 2021, India had a total of 5,288 universities. 
• According to the MOE, there are 52,627 colleges operating under these universities, including government degree colleges, private colleges, freestanding institutes, and post-graduate research institutions.
• India have over 1000 universities by 2020, with 54 central universities, 416 state universities, 125 deemed universities, 361 private universities, and 159 Institutes of National Importance, such as AIIMS, IIMs, IIITs, IISERs, IITs, and NITs.

Thus, India has the highest number of higher education institutions among all other nations. 

Additional Information

• With 3,216 institutions, the United States came in second, followed by Indonesia with 2,595 universities.
• With a total of 50 universities, Rajasthan has the most general universities in the country.
• The University Grants Commission is the major regulating organization at the tertiary level. 

Union List

• The Union List or List-I is a list of 98 numbered items (after 101st Constitutional amendment act 2016, entry 92 and 92c removed) (the last item is numbered 97) given in Seventh Schedule in the Constitution of India on which Parliament has exclusive power to legislate.
• The legislative section is divided into three lists: the Union List, State List, and Concurrent List.

Items on union list:

Therefore, entry 66 of the India Constitution deals with coordination and determination of standards in institutions for higher education or research or scientific and technical institutions.

The correct answer is 12 members.

 Key Points

• Under article 80 of the Constitution, the Council of States (Rajya Sabha) is composed of not more than 250 members.
• 12 are nominated by the President of India from amongst persons who have special knowledge or practical experience in respect of such matters as literature, science, art, and social service. 

 Important Points

• By nominating them to Rajya Sabha, the State not only recognizes their merit and confers honor on them, but also enables them to enrich the debates by their expertise and knowledge that they have in different areas. 

The correct answer is Karnataka.

Key Points

• Six States have a Legislative Council. They are :
  • Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Maharashtra, Karnataka.
• Just as Parliament has two Houses, the states can also have a Legislative Council in addition to the Legislative Assembly through Article 169 of the Constitution.
• While the Legislative Council is a permanent House like the Rajya Sabha,  it cannot be dissolved.
• Bicameral literally means 'two-Chamber'. A bicameral parliament is one that contains two separate assemblies that must both agree when new laws are made.

Additional Information

• The members of the Legislative Council are either nominated by the Governor of the state or are indirectly elected.
• The Legislative Council elects its Chairman, who plays the role of presiding officer and Deputy Chairman from amongst its members.
• One-third of the members of this House are elected by the Legislative Assembly.
• One-third are elected by local bodies like a municipality or other local authorities.
• One-twelfth of the members are elected by graduates.