Motivation and Emotion for Learning MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Motivation and Emotion for Learning - Download Free PDF

Cognition and emotion are two fundamental aspects of human psychology that influence how people perceive, interpret, and respond to their environment. 

Key Points

• Emotions and cognition continuously interact and influence each other dynamically.
• Cognitive processes, such as attention, interpretation, and memory, can shape how emotions are experienced and expressed. Conversely, emotions can affect cognitive functions like decision-making, problem-solving, and perception.
• This reciprocal relationship means that neither cognition nor emotion operates independently; instead, they are integrated and together shape human responses to various situations.

Hint

•  The idea that emotions are solely influenced by cognition without feedback ignores the fact that emotions also affect cognition.
• The view that cognition and emotion operate separately contradicts extensive research showing their interaction.
• Claiming cognition is independent of emotions overlooks how thoughts can trigger or regulate emotional responses.

Hence, the correct answer is emotions and cognition continuously interact and influence each other.

Emotions in children play a crucial role in their cognitive and social development. From infancy, children experience a wide range of emotions such as joy, fear, anger, and sadness. However, unlike adults, their emotional responses are not stable and well-regulated. 

Key Points

•  Emotions in children are often imbalanced, meaning they are intense, unpredictable, and frequently changing.
• Young children may express extreme joy one moment and frustration the next, as they have not yet developed full emotional regulation.
• Their emotional responses are shaped by their immediate environment and reactions to situations, often lacking the control that develops with age and experience.
• As children grow, they learn to manage emotions through social interactions, learning from caregivers, and developing coping skills.

Thus, it is concluded that Emotions in Children are imbalanced.

Hint

• Absent is incorrect because children do experience emotions from birth, such as crying when hungry or smiling in response to comfort.
• Permanent is incorrect since children’s emotions are temporary and fluctuate frequently based on circumstances.

Emotions play a significant role in cognition, impacting various cognitive processes like attention, memory, learning, and decision-making.

Key Points

• The correct statement is that emotions modulate various aspects of cognition, and the degree and direction of their effect depend on a range of factors.
• Emotions can influence cognition in multiple ways, such as improving memory retention during emotional events, affecting attention, or even hindering cognitive performance if the emotion is too intense or distracting.
• The specific impact of emotions varies depending on individual differences, the context of the emotion, and the nature of the task at hand.
• Thus, emotions are not always strictly positive or negative, and their effects can differ from one situation to another.

Hint

•  The impact of emotions is not always univalent or positive. Both positive and negative emotions can affect learning in different ways, depending on context and individual responses.
• Emotions do impact attention; intense emotions can enhance focus, while distracting emotions can interfere with concentration.
• Emotions are closely tied to motivation and can significantly influence a student’s willingness to engage in learning and persist in difficult tasks.

Hence, the correct answer is emotions modulate various aspects of cognition, however, degree and direction of effect depend on a range of factors.

संवेग भय, क्रोध, प्रेम आदि से जुड़ी एक मानसिक स्थिति है। किसी व्यक्ति की संवेगात्मक अवस्थाएँ शारीरिक उत्तेजना, मनोवैज्ञानिक मूल्यांकन और व्यवहारिक परिवर्तनों का संयोजन होती हैं।

• अधिगम को "अनुभव द्वारा उत्पन्न व्यवहार या व्यवहार क्षमता में किसी भी अपेक्षाकृत स्थायी परिवर्तन" के रूप में परिभाषित किया जा सकता है। यह केवल अभ्यास और दोहराव के माध्यम से तथ्यों और कौशल के ज्ञान या अधिग्रहण के अतिरिक्त नहीं है।

Key Points

• प्रभावी अधिगम के लिए शिक्षक को  अधिगम प्रक्रिया में बच्चों के संवेगों को शामिल करना चाहिए। यह छात्रों को अधिगम की गतिविधि में पूरी तरह से शामिल करने में मदद करेगा।
• यदि छात्र संवेगात्मक रूप से अधिगम की प्रक्रिया से अलग हो जाते हैं, तो वे शिक्षक के प्रयास और शिक्षा की आवश्यकता को महत्व नहीं दे सकते हैं। हो सकता है कि वे आधे-अधूरे मन से पढ़ाई कर रहे हों।
• संवेग हमारे प्रेरणा के स्तर को प्रभावित करते हैं। सकारात्मक संवेग एक छात्र को अधिक समय तक सीखने में मदद कर सकते हैं क्योंकि वे प्रेरित रहते हैं।
• अधिगम के दौरान संवेग शिक्षा के प्रति हमारी भावनाओं को भी प्रभावित करते हैं। यदि हमारे पास सकारात्मक अनुभव हैं, तो हम अपनी स्कूली शिक्षा का आनंद लेने और अधिगम के प्रति प्रेम विकसित करने की अधिक संभावना रखते हैं।

अत:, संवेग अधिगम के अनुभवों को अर्थ देते हैं और इन्हें अधिगम की प्रक्रिया के भीतर एकीकृत करने की आवश्यकता होती है, अधिगम में बच्चों के संवेगों की भूमिका होती है।

Emotion is a mental state associated with fear, anger, love, etc. The emotional states of an individual are the combination of physiological arousal, psychological appraisal, and behavioral changes.

• Learning may be defined as “any relatively permanent change in behavior or behavioral potential produced by experience”. It is not a mere addition to the knowledge or acquisition of facts and skills through drill and repetition.

Key Points

• For effective learning, a teacher should include children's emotions within the learning process. This will help in indulging the students completely in the learning activity.
• If the students are emotionally detached from the learning process, they may not value the effort of the teacher and the significance of the education. They may be doing the studies half-heartedly.
• Emotion impacts our levels of motivation. Positive emotions can help a student engage with learning longer because they stay motivated. 
• Emotions during learning also impact our feelings toward education. If we have positive experiences, we are more likely to enjoy our schooling and develop a love for learning.

Hence, emotions give meaning to learning experiences and need to be integrated within the learning process, is the role of children's emotions in learning.

Motives are the focus on psychological and social (as well as environmental) factors and how they interact with each other to produce motivation. For example, the need for achievement, affiliation, power, curiosity and exploration, and self-actualization motives.

Key Points

Motives can be classified into -  Biological, Social and Personal Motives. 

Important Points

Hence, here an example of innate motivation is hunger as it is a biological tendency not to result in any external reward.

Learning is a process by which the individual acquires various habits, knowledge, and attitude that are necessary to meet the demands of life in general. There are different factors that affect learning.

• These include learner-centered factors like motivation, needs, self-concept, interests, goals, level of aspiration, etc., teacher and task related factors such as teaching style, classroom ethos, transactional skills, and methodology, etc., and environmental factors such as the physical and psychological structures in which learning occurs.

Key Points​ Ashok is very fond of playing cricket and he is very good at it too. He is the captain of his college team. He spends long hours playing or watching cricket and never gets tired or bored. Motivation personal factor is affecting the learning in this example.

•  Ashok is intrinsically motivated i.e. he derives internal satisfaction from the game. Intrinsic motivation is closely related to one's need for self-fulfillment, and achievement.
• These needs impel us to become better by learning more, interacting with our environment, and developing ourselves.
• Learning is most effective when there is intrinsic motivation - a desire to learn from within, which finds satisfaction in the achievement itself and does not bother about other factors.

Thus, it is concluded motivation is the personal factor that affects learning in the given example.

Hint

• Maturation:-A one year old cannot be made to write and a three months old child cannot walk. Unless the learner has 'matured' optimally, he cannot learn. In order for learning to take place, physical, intellectual, socio-emotional maturation is most essential. Also, individual variations in the process of maturation should be acknowledged and appropriately dealt with.
• Self-concept:- Self-concept is very important in matters of learning because it influences individual differences in learners, in their, learning orientations, cognitive styles, and the self-learning strategies which they use.
• Level of aspiration:- This refers to the extent to which an individual wishes to strive to achieve. It emanates from the targets, goals and ambitions that individuals construct for themselves.

Motivation refers to the process that guides an individual to achieve a goal. There are two main types of motivation which include extrinsic and intrinsic motivation.

Key Points

Let's Understand in Brief:

Confusion Points

• Extrinsic Motivation: A student is working hard to get the first rank in his class. 
• Intrinsic Motivation: A student is working hard because he enjoys doing hard work.

Hence, it could be concluded that in the above-mentioned situation, the type of motivation behind his hard work is Extrinsic Motivation.

Learning is the acquisition of new behaviour or the strengthening or weakening of old behaviour as a result of experience. It represents progressive changes in behaviour. It also involves the acquisition of knowledge, habits, and attitude. 

Key Points

Factors Affect Learning:
The main factors affecting learning are Motivation of the learner, Maturation of the learner, Teaching strategies, and Physical and emotional health of the learner.

• The Interest of the Student - The factor of interest is very closely related in nature to that of symbolic drive and reward.  A favourable mental attitude facilitates learning. 
• Teaching Strategies - The strategies or steps taken by the teacher to make the class environment interactive and that also engrave interest among students regarding the topic.
• Physical and Emotional Health of the Learner: Concentration needs emotional and mental poise and absence of mental conflict or complexity. Some children find it difficult to prepare for the examinations, simply because of fear of the examination and anxiety neurosis.
• Giving motivation to the learner can increase their interest in learning.
• Maturation of the learner affects learning because ​maturation is related to the structure and potential capacity. Maturation is the process by which we change, grow, and develop throughout life. 

Hence, from the above-mentioned points, it becomes clear that all the given factors affect learning.

As teachers, we are deeply concerned about classroom learning. Your understanding of classroom motivation would enhance the probability of students' learning better.

Key Points

How to motivate students to learn-

• You have given the class an assignment to be completed within one period. You also discussed the topic and framework of the assignment. 
• The teacher manipulated the variable 'difficulty level' to increase the learner's motivation. The initial feeling of success (they got all the sums correct) did not continue to motivate the learner as her higher need was not being met. So, the teacher should always focusing on mastery-oriented goals. for children. 
• Affiliation motivation had hit rock bottom. As children grow, the need for peer affiliation becomes stronger.
• Creating a lot of opportunities for exploration for learners, so they can motivate each other and learn effectively.
• The healthy competition between students, motivated them to excel in their work. When they were separated and put into two different sections, the competition motivation became very low and their performance suffered.
• Project work on various topics can also motivate learners. The 'knowledge of results is a stronger motivator for learning than an offhand word of praise. 

Thus from the above-mentioned points, it is clear that motivation to learn can be sustained by focusing on mastery-oriented goals.

Emotion is a mental state or a feeling such as amusement, hatred, happiness, anger, surprise, love, and fear which can be caused by the situation an individual is going through.

Key Points

• Amusement is an emotion as it is the state or feeling of experiencing something funny and entertaining.
• Emotions are experienced as positive feelings, negative feelings, and undesired reactions to any stressful situation, these often impact decision-making.
•  Emotions activate and direct behaviour in the same way biological and psychological motives do. Human beings are often more aware of our emotions than our underlying motives.
• Emotions can sometimes interfere with motivated behaviour. For example, an irritated child will not be able to focus on completing his homework.

Hence, from the above-mentioned points, it becomes clear that 'Amusement' is an emotion.

Motivation is simply the reason for an action and that which gives purpose and direction to behaviour. It is a general term applied to the entire class of drives, desires, needs, wishes, and similar forces. Motivation can be considered the state of having encouragement to do something.

Key Points

Motivation refers to the process that guides an individual to achieve a goal.

In the final analysis, the key to motivation in the classroom is the interest inherent in the subject matter as:

• Interest refers to a feeling that keeps learners involved and attentive while learning or doing a specific task.
• Subjects in which a learner is interested to reflect his motivation, attraction, and attentiveness in favour of that subject.
• If a learner is disinterested in learning a particular subject it shows that he/she has a feeling of demotivation against that subject.

Hence, it can be assumed that the key to motivation in the classroom is the interest inherent in the subject matter. 

Motive refers to something that motivates us to move, act, or prepare for action.

• It is an inner state that energizes, activates, or moves, which directs the behavior towards a goal.  For example, hunger motivates us to have food.
• Motives are generally classified into various categories and 'Intrinsic motive' is one of them. These are animated by personal enjoyment, interest, or pleasure. 

Key Points

The desire of a person "to earn name and fame in life" is an 'Intrinsic motive' as it refers to the behavior which focuses on:

• personal satisfaction and internal rewards.

• purposes to learn and improve to serve a cause.

• motivating individuals intrinsically to achieve goals.
• working for their own sake and inherent accomplishment.

Hence, it could be concluded that the desire of a person "to earn name and fame in life" is an 'Intrinsic motive'.

Additional Information

• Extrinsic motive: It refers to a behavior that is guided by earning rewards or avoiding punishment.
• Physiological motive: These are activated due to imbalance in the body and maintain a state of equilibrium.

Motives are the focus on psychological and social (as well as environmental) factors and how they interact with each other to produce motivation. For example, the need for achievement, affiliation, power, curiosity and exploration, and self-actualization motives. Key PointsMotives can be classified into -  Biological, Social and Personal Motives. 

 
Important Points 

Hence, we can conclude that achievement is a secondary motive.

Emotion has been derived from the Latin term ‘emovere’ that means ‘stirred-up state'. Emotions are defined as “brief, acute changes in consciousness experience and physiology that occur in response to a personally meaningful situation”.

Key Points

• The process of attribution is an individual’s understanding of the reasons behind peoples’ behavior. Attribution theory is concerned with how individuals interpret events and how this relates to their thinking and behavior.
• An internal attribution is when an individual uses a personal reason as the cause for a situation or event instead of an external (or environmental) attribution. 
• For example, students are likely to experience the emotion of pride when they attribute internal factors to explain their success at a task.
• Pride is a feeling of deep pleasure or satisfaction derived from one's own achievements and is a self-conscious emotion that occurs as a result of the extent to which an individual is able to meet his/ her own expectations, the expectations of others, or social norms.

Thus, it is concluded that students are likely to experience the emotion of pride when they attribute internal factors to explain their success at a task.